8 NYMPHALID^. NYMPHALIN.'E. ERGOLIS. 



between each pair of dark streaks is of a richer hue than the ground-colour of the wings. 

 In their structural generic characters they are, however, very closely allied to the genera 

 Eurytela and BybliaV (IValwood, 1. c.) 



It is singular that no author, as far as I am aware, has described the very prominent 

 secondary sexual characters that exist in the males of the species of this genus. In all the 

 species on the underside of the forewing there is a very large triangular patch of shining 

 black scales from the submedian nervure extending a short distance into the cell and above 

 the third median nervule, but not reaching the outer margin. In addition to this in 

 E. ariadne the subcostal nervure and first subcostal nervule on the upperside of the hind- 

 wing are white and shining for a greater portion of their length ; and in E, taprobana in the 

 middle of the disc of the hindwing on the underside there is a large diffused patch of deep 

 maroon scales. All these characters are absent from the female. 



Er^olis, as also Byblia, is found in Africa, in all parts of India, and extends through the 

 Malay peninsula, Sumatra, Java, &c., to the Philippines. The described species are few in 

 number, several of them are but doubtfully distinct, and some of them range from India to 

 Java. In habits they resemble the Nymphalince rather than the Satyrina ; their flight is short 

 and jerky, they frequent bushes and cultivated spots, and always settle with wings widely 

 expanded. They are generally numerous in individuals wherever they occur. It is also a 

 curious fact that two distinct species always seem to occur together in India ; where one species 

 is met with there will be found another species also. 



Zey to the Indian species of Ergolis. 



A, Male with the subcostal nervure and the first subcostal nervule of the hindwing on the upperside con- 



colourous with the rest of the veins. 



a. Male with a subapical white spot on the upperside of the forewing. 



299. E. MERIONE, India, Burma, Malay peninsula, 



h. Male with no subapical white spot on the upperside of the forewing. 



300. £. TAPROBANA, South India and Ceylon. 



B. Male with the subcostal nervure and the first subcostal nervule of the hindwing on the upperside 



white. 



301. E. ARIADNE, India, Ceylon, Malayana, Formosa, 



299. ErgfOliS merione, Cramer. (Plate XVIII, Fig. 70 $ ). 



Pa/Z/ZiJ >«^r/^«(r, Cramer, Pap. Ex., vol. ii. pi. cxliv, figs. G, H (1777); P- cortinna, Herbst, Pap., pi. 

 clxxxi, figs. I, 2 (1794) ; Ergolis merione, Butler, Cat. Fab. Lep. B. M., p. 70, n. 3 (1869) ; id., Wallace, 

 Trans. Ent. Soc Lond., 1869, p. 33z. "• 2 \ 'd-. DistJint, Rhop. Malay., p. 138, n. 2, pi. xv, fig. 6 

 (i%>i2), female ; E. tapestrina, Moore, Journ A. S. B., vol. liii, pt. 2, p. 19 (1884). 



Habitat : Continental India, Burma, Malay peninsula. 



Expanse : 2* i to 2*7 inches. 



Description : '• Male and female. Upperside warm ochraceous ; fotewing with 

 a subapical white spot placed above the bifurcation of the fourth and fifth subcostal nervules, 

 and with the following blackish markings : — two lines crossing the cell near the base, the outer 

 one continued to the submedian nervure ; two waved and zigzag lines crossing the middle of 

 the cell, and continued to the submedian nervure ; three waved lines at the end of the cell not 

 passing the median nervure ; a pair of curved and very zigzag lines crossing the disc at about the 

 middle of the wing, followed by another very waved line, commencing near the subapical 

 white spot ; a submarginal series of three waved lines, the inner one faint and somewhat 

 macular ; the outer margin black, with the cilia alternately greyish. HindiUng with the 

 markings similar and generally continuous with those of the forewing, but the inner 

 of the three submarginal lines replaced by a series of castaneous spots placed between 

 the nervules, sometimes at and along the median nervules, divided by the junction of the 

 anterior and posterior waved lines. Underside duller and slightly darker than above ; the 

 spaces between the waved lines (excluding the submarginal ones) castaneous, thus showing two 



