i8 NYMPHALID/E. NYMPHALIN^. EURIPUS. 



of the wings in this species was pure white ; the fact that a pure white form does exist in 

 the North-East Himalayas would convince any Lepidopterist living in India that such was the 

 case. I believe, however, that had Westwood been describing the Darjiling type he would 

 have said * alis niveis' rather than the more vague ' albis.' " 



"The type of .£. consimilis, which is now in the collection of the British Museum, is 

 of a yellowish cream-colour, not deep enough for ' straw-coloured ;' it differs from the white 

 form represented by Wood-Mason by nothing but its yellower colour, in which character it 

 perfectly agrees with its male {E. hallirothms). I suspect it to be a dimorphic species ; and 

 if so, it would be a mistake to regard the snow-white variety as a local race, and give it a 

 distinctive name. In the case of E. meridionalis^ however, the pattern as well as the colour- 

 in" (' straw coloured,' W.-M) differs not a little ; and therefore his name will stand for this 



race." 



" The yellow colour of Westwood's type is not due to age, but is the tint most prevalent 

 in specimens of Eiiripus ; were it caused by time it would be rather stramineous than of the 

 pale creamy-sulphur tint which it is. Moreover, of all the examples which I have seen of this 

 species, in both sexes (and I have seen a good many besides the four yellowish ones in our 

 collection), only one female, obtained from Dr. Lidderdale's series, is, as Mr. Wood-Mason 

 says, ' pure and dazzling white.' " {Butler, 1. c.) 



As far as I am able to judge from the specimens to which I have had access, the female 

 is not dimorphic, but is variable and occurs in different forms in different places. I am unable 

 to suggest what butterflies it mimics, unless it be species of the genus Thyca, a genus of protected 

 butterflies of the subfamily PierincB. 



Colonel Swinhoe has a female of E, consimilis taken in the Deyra Doon ; and the 

 Indian Museum, Calcutta, possesses a pair of specimens taken by Colonel Buckley at 

 Masuri j two males from Buxa, Bhutan {Moti Ram) ; one male from Sikkim (there is a 

 female from Sikkim in Mr. Otto MoUer's collection) ; one female from the Thoungyeen 

 forests, Upper Tenasserim (^Captain Bingham) ; and a female from Trevandrum, Travancore. 

 In Mr. W. Doherty's collection there are a pair taken in December on a peak 5,000 feet near 

 Potingi, Jaipur State, Eastern Ghats ; a female without locality in Colonel Lang's collection, 

 and another from Cannanore, South India, in Colonel J. H. McLeod's collection. Mr. West- 

 wood records it from Assam, Mr. A. V. Knyvett has taken a single male at Jalpaiguri, and 

 Mr, E. F. T. Atkinson records it as rare from the outer Himalayas of the North- Western 

 Provinces. 



306. Euripus halitherses, Doubleday and Hewitson. (Plate XX, Fig. 90 J ? ). 



E. halitherscs, Doubleday and Hewitson, Gen. Diurn. Lap., vol. ii, p. 293, n. 1, pi. xli, fig. 2, male (1850) ; 

 id., de Niceville, Journ. A. S. B., vol. 1, pt. 2, p. 51, n. 26 (1881) ; Hcstina isa, Moore, Horsfield and Moore, 

 Cat. Lep. E. I. C, vol. i, p. 161, n. ■^■i-i,/emiile (1857) ; Eiirip7is haliartus, Felder, Wien. Ent. Monatsch., vol. 

 iv, p. 234, n. 81, female (i860) ; Diadema nyctelius, Doubleday, Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist., vol. xvi, p. 182, 

 female (1845); id., Doubleday and Hewitson, Gen. Diurn. Lep., vol. ii, p. 281, n. 22, pi. xx.xvii, fig. i, 

 female {1850) ; Euripus cinnamoineits, Wood-Mason, Journ. A. S. B , vol. 1, pt. 2, p. 272, pi. iv, fig, 4, female 

 (1881). 



Habitat : North-East Himalayas, Assam, Sylhet, Cachar, Munipur, Burma, 



Expanse: ^,2-4 to 27; ?, 3 2 to 36 inches. 



Description : Male : Upperside, foreiving much as in E. consimilis, but the spot at 

 the base of the first median interspace larger, the discal series of spots in pairs shorter, those 

 in the median interspaces V-shaped, three spots in the submedian interspace ; the streak from 

 the base in the submedian interspace very much shorter and more prominent, with an 

 elongated spot from its outer end in the interspace below. Hindwing with the outer margin more 

 broadly deep indigo-blue, the nervules also more widely defined with that colour, and instead 

 of the carmine spots near the anal angle there is a series of small pale yellow submarginal 

 spots placed in pairs. Underside with the markings as above, but the ground-colour pale 

 brown, all except the outer margin of the foreiving from the anal angle decreasingly to the 

 third median nervule, and the hinJiuing from the anal angle to the discoidal nervule, which is 

 deep indigo-blue like the upperside. 



