NYMPHALID^. NYMPHALIN^. CETHOSIA. 31 



The PUPA, which I found on one occasion in Calcutta attached to the underside of a leaf 

 of a tree resembling the weeping willow, was a beautiful green, with a subdorsal series of five 

 acutely pointed tubercles, marked with red, between each pair another pair of very small 

 blunt ones, the upper edge of the wing-covers and a spot on each side of the head also 

 marked with red. Doubleday (1. c.) describes the pupa as "elongate ovate, constricted across 

 the back ; green with four red dashes on each side, marked in the middle with bluish ; a 

 double series of spines on the back of the same red colour." In Java, Dr. Horsfield notes that 

 the larva " feeds on a species of Ixora.'^ 



This species is one of the commonest Indian butterflies, occurring throughout the year in 

 the plains and in suitable seasons in the outer Himalayas up to S.ooo feet. The upperside 

 much resembles that of an Argynnis. A closely allied species {A. ewytis, Doubleday 

 Hevvitson) occurs in Africa. * 



The figure shows both sides of a male Calcutta specimen in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. 



315- Atella alcippe, Cramer. 



/'a////^ <Tfo>/^, Cramer, Pap. Ex., vol. iv, pi. cccl.vxxix, fi?s. G, H {17^2) : Atella alcipf>e Distant 



Rhop. Malay., p. 174, n. 2 (with a woodcut of a male) 1882 ; ^r^j««« a/«^/^, Godart, Enc. Met'h vol ix' 

 p. 259, n. 8 (1819). ' ■ • 



Habitat : Sikkim, Sylhet, Mergui, Tavoy, Malay Peninsula, Andaman and Nicobar 

 Islands, Amboina (Cramef). 



Expanse : r8 to 2-2 inches. 



Description : " Male, smaller than A.phalanta, but resembling that species in colour 

 and markings, though differing in the following particulars :— Upperside, forewing with the 

 apical half of the costal margin more broadly black ; the outer margin also is broadly black, 

 preceded by a contiguous waved fascia, which is deflected to costa at the lower discoidal 

 nervule, thus enclosing two ochraceous spots ; between these and end of the ceil the wing is 

 crossed by a waved series of small spots placed between the nervules ; the cell is crossed 

 by three pairs of linear fasciae, and is followed by a broader oblique fascia terminating at 

 third median nervule, and beneath the cell are four linear markings, two near base, the third 

 longest and broken, the fourth smallest between the third and second median nervules. Hind, 

 wing with a broad outer black margin, preceded by a narrower waved and sinuated sub- 

 marginal fascia ; outer discal spots as \\\ A. phalanta, but the upper one very minute* on 

 inner side of these and extending from about the extremities of the submarginal fascia is a 

 narrow linear and somewhat broken fascia ; other basal markings as in the preceding species, 

 but more distinct. Underside marked generally as above, but with corresponding differ- 

 ences as in A. phalanta" {Distant, 1. c.) Female : Upperside with the ground-colour 

 darker than in the male, all the markings larger and more prominent. In some lights the disc 

 of both wings is suffused with beautiful violascent. Underside also with the ground-colour 

 more dusky than in the male, and the markings larger. 



The late Mr. A. de Roepstorff has sent numerous specimens of this species to the Indian 

 Museum, Calcutta, taken at Port Blair ; also from Teressa and Katschall in the Nicobars, 

 Dr. Anderson took it in the Mergui archipelago in the cold weather. There are specimens 

 from Sylhet in the Indian Museum, Calcutta, and two specimens from Sikkim in Major 

 Marshall's collection. 



Gaaus 51.— OETHOSIA, Fabricius. (Plate XXII). 



Cethosia, Fabricius, III Mag., vol. vi, p. 280, n. 6 (1807), id., Doubleday, Geu. Diurn.L ep., vol. i, p. 150 

 (1848) ; id., Moore, Lep. Cey., vol. i, p. 51 (1881) ; id., Distant, Rhop. Malay., p. 170 (1882) ; AUzonia, 

 Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schmett., p. 46 (1816). 



** Head, rather narrow, clothed with hair; eyes^ oval, prominent ; /<:///, slightly divergent, 

 ascending, rising considerably above the forehead, clothed with appressed scales ; the first 

 joint stout, short, curved ; second joint more than five times the length of the first, much 

 swollen beyond the middle, smaller towards the apex, which is obliquely truncate, set in 

 front with long erect setae ; third joint slender, elongate, oval, about equal in length to the 

 first ; anteiin^z about three-fourths the length of the body, gradually clavate ; the club 



