36 NYMPIIALIDiE. NYMPIIALIN^. CETHOSIA. 



319. OethOSla biljliS, Drury. 



Fapilio lihlis, Drury, 111. Ex. Ent., vol. i, pi. iv, fig. 2, male (1770) ; id., Cramer, Pap. Ex., vol. ii, pi. clxxr, 

 fig-?. A, B, 7italc (1777) ; id , Herbst, Pap., pi. ccxiviii, figs, i, 2, titaie (1798) ; P. penthesiUa, Fabricius (nee 

 Cramer), Spec. Ins., vol. ii, p. 88, n 390 (1781) ; Alazonia symbiblis (part), Hiibner, Verz, bek. Schmett.i p. 46, 

 11 421 (i8i6) ; Ceihosia biblinn, GoJart, Enc. Meth., vol. ix, p. 248, n. 12 (1819). 



Habitat : Eastern Himalayas, Cachar, Sylhet, Assam, Ui^per Teiiasserim, Perak, Hainan. 



Expanse : 2*9 to 3-8 inches. 



Description : Male. Upperside rich orange red, the apical half of the forewing, and the 

 outer margin of tlie hindwing black. The cilia white, tipped with black at the end of the nervules. 

 forewing with the cell crossed by three pairs of narrow somewhat irregular black lines, a discal 

 series of narrow black linear spots from the third median nervule continued on the hindwing to 

 the subcostal nervure sometimes wanting, three small white subcostal spots beyond the end of 

 the cell, a discal series of five decreasing white elongate lunules, their apices directed inwards, 

 beyond which are seven reniform white spots, the two upper ones very indistinct, a marginal 

 series of deeply indented white lunules. Hindwing with a discal series of six oval blackish spots, 

 a submarginal series of faint blackish spots, placed in pairs between the veins, the margin with 

 white lunules as in the forewing, an additional white lunule defined on both sides with black 

 at the anal angle, the abdominal margin yellowish. Underside reddish-ochreous. Foreiving 

 with the cell crossed by three pale greenish bands, each band with two black lines outwardly, 

 the third band at the end of the cell with an additional black line in its middle defining the 

 disco-cellulars. A pale discal band beyond the cell, with black linear spots between the veins on 

 its inner and outer edge ; a discal decreasing series of six white lanceolate spots, each spot out- 

 wardly defined with black and with a black centre divided by a white line ; beyond the lanceolate 

 spots is a pale whitish band bearing pairs of small black spots between the veins, the outer 

 margin bearing yellowish lunules outwardly defined with a black line and enclosing a black 

 space, with a short white streak from the margin directed inwards, but not reaching the apex of 

 each lunule. Hindtviug with the base red ; then a pale greenish irregular band bearing narrow 

 black lines in pairs ; then a red band ; a pale band in continuation of the one beyond the cell 

 of the forewing, and similarly bordered with black linear spots j a fulvous band ; a white 

 band bearing a series of black conical spots with a black spot on either side of them, the outer 

 edge of the white band with small round spots in pairs ; another fulvous band ; the margin 

 marked as in the forewing. Aniennce black ; thorax black with long bronzy hairs ; abJoj/ien 

 ochreous. Female: Upperside with the ground-colour, especially of the /t^r^zt/w^, dusky 

 ferruginous, in some specimens dusky greenish. Otherwise as in the male. 



C. biblis is very common in Sikkim at all elevations up to 7,000 feet, also in Assam and 

 the Khasi hills ; Mr. Wood-Mason took it in Cachar ; the Indian Museum, Calcutta, has 

 specimens from Sylhet, Upper Assam (5. E. Peal), and Shillong. Captain C. T. Bingham took 

 it in the Thoungyeen forests in March and April and in the Donat range in July,, it occurs 

 also in Upper Burma {^taken by the Yuiian Expedition) and Mergui (Dr. Anderson), Perak and 

 Hainan, China. 



male; ^, female (1882). Habitat : Nepal ? Assam ? Perak, Province Welleslcy, Malacca. Expanse : male, 28 

 to 3'2: fcmute, 29 to 3'i inches. Description : " Malb. Uppbrsidb as in C. viethypsea, but the black area 

 larger and occupying the cell, which is crossed by some indistinct reddish fasciae (obsolete in some specimens) ; 

 an oblique and very much sinuated pale ochraceous or greyish-white macular fascia situated a little beyond cell 

 and terminating a little beneath the second median nervule, but without the outer pale spots as in C. viethypsea, 

 Hindivi)ig as in that species, but with the black margin somewhat broader, its enclosed pale lunate 

 lines clear and distinct, and the discal area more black-spotted. Undersidh as in C. wf/Zy/.fCrt, but the red 

 colouring darker ; the hindwing has the medial pale fascia situated further from the basi", and the series of linear 

 and rounded black spots are nearer the black margin and not placed at the margins of a narrow pale fascia ; on 

 the fore7vi7ig the narrow pale submarginal fascia is replaced by a series of dark spots situated nearer the outer 

 margin. Fbmalb. Uppbrsidb generally paler and more ochraceous than the male, the black area to the 

 /orexving much larger and occupying the whole wing, with the exception of the oblique macular fascia beyond 

 the cell, and a large subtriangular space on inner margin, which does not extend above the first median nervule, 

 and is there distinctly paler. Undbrsidb as in the male." 



"The species is a near ally to C. hypsea, a Bornean species ; the males are very similar, but the females 

 are sufficiently distinct." (Distant, 1. c.) 



C. juethypsea and C. hypsina belong to the cyane group of CetJiodce, but differ on the upperside of the 

 forewing in having the subapical band ochreous instead of pure white ; on the underside there is more fulvous 

 in the ground-colour exteriorly, and basally they are ochreous-red rallier than vermilion, the whitish band 

 beyond more prominent 



