38 NYMPIIALID^. NVMPIIALIN^. TERINOS. 



rather short, slender, abruptly clavate ; the club obtuse. Thorax, moderately stout, oval, haiiy. 

 Abdomen about two-thirds the length of the inner margin of the hindwing. FOREWING, 

 subtriangular ; the costal maroin rounded ; the apex somewhat truncate ; outer margin sinuate, 

 emarginate, scarcely two-thirds the length of the costal ; inner margin nearly straight, about 

 equal to the outer. Costal nervure not reaching to the middle of the costa. First and second 

 subcostal nervules very close together, the latter thrown off exactly at the end of the cell ; 

 fourth more remote from the apex than from the end of the cell ; third about equally distant 

 from the second and fourth, terminating close to the apex. Upper disco-cellular nervule almost 

 wanting ; middle disco-cellular curved ; lower disco-cellular longer than the middle disco- 

 cellular, directed obliquely inwards to the median nervure, which it joins before the origin 

 of the second nervule. [This is a variable character, as pointed out below.] Third jnedian 

 nervule not much curved. Hindwing, almost quadrangular ; the costal margin very 

 slightly curved ; the outer margin sinuate, produced into an angle at the termination 

 of the third median nervule ; inner margin longer than the outer, emarginate towards 

 the anal angle. Prcecostal nervure simple. Subcostal nervure dividing very near to the base 

 of the wing. Discoidal nervule appearing to be a third subcostal, bent soon after its 

 origin. Discoidal cell open, but with a slight indication of a lower disco-cellular in a state 

 of atrophy. Abdominal fold ample. Forelegs, of the male scaly, and fringed with long 

 hairs ; tibia shorter than the femur ; tarsus shorter than the tibia, one-jointed, subcylindric, 

 pointed. Of the female scaly, stouter than those of the male ; first joint three times as 

 long as the rest combined, cylindric, slightly curved, with a few spines below, and two 

 stout spines at the apex, covered with a tuft of hair at the base of the next joint, as is the case 

 also with the three following joints. These are transverse, about of equal length ; the fifth 

 joint is rather longer than the preceding, tapering, terminated by a mucro* representing the 

 claw. Middle and hindlegs, with the tibiae rather shorter than the femora, spiny ; the 

 spurs long ; tarsi rather longer than the tibiae, spiny both above and below ; the spines at the 

 sides and below nearly in regular series ; first joint as long as the rest combined ; rest, to th^ 

 fourth, progressively shorter ; fifth rather longer than the third. Clazus curved, very slightly 

 grooved below. Paronychia bilaciniate ; the outer lacinia elongate, somewhat elliptical, equal 

 to the claw ; inner rather strap-shaped, short. Pulvillus jointed, as long as the claw ; the second 

 ;oint very broad." ( Doubleday, 1. c.) 



A single species of this very beautiful genus occurs within Indian limits in Upper Tenasserim j 

 with this exception, it appears to be strictly confined to Malayana, and comprises some nine or 

 ten species. The males are furnished with prominent secondary sexual characters, a very 

 unusual occurrence in the genera of this subfamily. They consist of a very large patch of 

 blackish velvety scales on the outer margin of the forewing on the upperside extending from 

 the anal angle up to the upper discoidal nervule, and a similar but smaller patch on the 

 hindwing at the apex, posteriorly bounded by the discoidal nervure. Mr. Wallace makes the 

 following remarks on the genus : "The most striking chracteristics of these insects are the 

 hairy eyes, and the large plush-like scales which, in the males, form a large patch on both 

 wings, but which are often replaced in the females by blue bands and patches, giving this sex 

 the aspect of a different species. Still more remarkable, however, is the great difference of 

 neuration presented by the sexes in some of the species. Mr. Hewitson pointed out the 

 variation in the position of the lower disco-cellular nervule in relation to the second median 

 nervule, whereby closely allied species may readily be distinguished. This is undoubtedly the 

 case ; but by examination of four species of which I possess both sexes, I find that the 

 difference between the neuration of the sexes is fully as great as between that of the most 

 distant species. I find also by measurement and comparison, that the disco-cellular nervule 

 retains a constant position, so that the length of the cell does not vary, and that it is the 

 ^ranches of the median nervure that alter their position, being, in some cases, very much further 

 from the base of the wing than in others. In T. clarissa the sexual difference is perceptible, 

 but slight. In T. robertsia and T. taxiles it is very easily seen, as in the male the second 

 median nervule springs from the same point as the lower disco-cellular, while in the female it 



• Mucro, a sharp point or edge. 



