NYMPHALID^. NYMPHALIN^. DILIFA. 47 



decreasing rapidly from the anterior one placed between the costal nervure and the upper 

 discoidal nervule, and the posterior one between the third and second median nervules. The 

 discal white spots of the male are smaller in the female, the anterior ones whitish, the pos- 

 terior ones bright steel-blue. There are also other similarly coloured spots and streaks be 

 tween the nervules just beyond the cell, and below it. In the hindwino the ground-colour 

 IS black with a marginal and submarginal row of spots, the outer the smaller, and a discal 

 series of streaks between the nervules, all steel-blue. In a specimen from Nepal, these spots 

 and streaks are sullied with tawny. On the underside the orange spot in the cell of the 

 foreimng is much larger than above, and in the hindwing there is a round orange spot on the 

 middle of the costa, and a similar one in the cell, the submarginal spots are yellowish, and all 

 the steel-blue markings of the upperside much paler." {de Nichjille, 1. c.) The female speci- 

 men from Nepal figured by Mr. Waterhouse differs considerably from the females described 

 above, the hindwing is greyish-white throughout except the nervules, a short discal lunular 

 line and two marginal lines which are black. 



The Indian Museum, Calcutta, possesses specimens from Nepal, Sibsagar (i'. ^. /'c'a/), 

 and there is one female specimen from Shillong (Dr. 'Johnson) in Major Marshall's collection, 

 and others taken by the Yunan Expedition. Males occur commonly in Sikkim at low eleva- 

 tions, the female, however, is rarely seen. A specimen of the latter sex in Major Marshall's 

 collection probably from Sikkim has four very prominent white streaks from the subcostal 

 nervure to the second median nervule on the upperside of the forewing ; in fact, no two 

 specimens of the female as far as I have seen are exactly alike, and many show very great 

 variations in colour and the extent of the markings. They probably mimic the blue species 

 of £uj)lcca. 



327- Sephisa dichroa, Kollar. (Plate XX, Fig. 93 ^' ), 



Limenith dk/iroa, KoUar, Hugel's Kaschmir, vol. iv, part ii, p, 429, n. 7, pi, viii, figs, i, 2 (1848) ; Cas- 

 /a/Za a-iVAro^, Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Lep. Mus. E. I. C, vol. i, p. 199, n. 408 (1857) ; .!>>//««« d'ichroa, 

 Moore, Proc. Zool, Soc. Lond., 1882, p 240. 



Habitat : Western Himalayas. 



Expanse : 2-6 to 3-0 inches. 



Description : "May be distinguished from Caslalia [== SeJ>/iisa-] chandra by the exterior 

 margin of \h^forrmno being much less deflexed in the middle, and by having all the markings 

 of the upperside of the forewing orange colour, and being without the black spots in the 

 discoidal cell of the hindiving, and on the underside by the pearly- white on the hindiving." 

 iMoore, I.e. in Cat. Lep. Mus. E. I. C.) The female differs but slightly from the male, 

 the ground-colour and markings are paler, especially the apical and two upper of the three 

 spots beyond the cell of the forewing which are almost white, 



I have taken this insect commonly at Simla flying round and settling on the oak through- 

 out the summer, also at Kujiah near Dalhousie in June. Colonel A. M. Lang, R.E., records* 

 that it is partial to ripe fruit, that he has " seen it in open woods in the interior of the Hima- 

 laya, pitching on the sprays of tall shrubs, making rapid flights, and returning to the same 

 spot," The Indian Museum, Calcutta, possesses specimens from the Kulu Valley i^A. Gra- 

 ham Young'), and Masuri [Templefon.) Major Marshall possesses specimens taken at Chumba 

 in May and Murree in June. It appears to be confined to the Western Himalayas. 



The figure shows both sides of a male Masuri specimen in the Indian Museum, Cal- 

 cutta, 



Genus 56.— LILIPA, Moore. (Plate XX). 



Dilipa, Moore, Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Lep. Mus. E.I.C., vol. i, p. 201 (1857), 

 " Differs from typical Apalura in having the discoidal cell closed in both wings by a very 

 delicate lower disco-cellular nervule ; the palpi and antennce are, however, like those of 

 Apainra." {Moore, 1. c.) In Dilipa the second subcostal nervule of the forewing is given 

 off from the subcostal nervure at about one-twenty-fifth of an inch distance beyond the apex of 

 the cell, in Apalura {iiamonua, Kollar) it is given off at about the same distance before the 



• Ent. Montli. Mag., vol. i, p. 181 (1864-65), 



