NYiMPHALID^. NYMPHALIN^. PRECIS. 63 



No reference is made In the description above of H. angustata by Mr. Moore to H. 

 andamana described by himself in the previous year, and to which it is much more closely 

 allied. It differs from H. andumana in the male by having the bands slightly narrower, and 

 m the female by having the bands ochreous, while in //. andamana they are nearly pure 

 white. 



GENUS 60.-PRE0IS, HUbner. (Plate XIX). 



Precis, Hubner. Verz. bek. Schmett., p. 33 (1816); id., Felder, Neues Lep., p. 13. n. 26 (1861) • id, 

 Moore, Lep.Cey., vol. i. p. 39(1881); id., Distant, Rhop. Malay, p. 89 (1882) ; Juuonia, section ii, Precis, 

 Doubleday, Gen. Diurn. Lep., vol. i, p. 209 (1849). 



" FoREWiNG, subtriangular, the costal margin very strongly arched and convex ; apical angle 

 obliquely truncate and prominent, and together with remainder of ouler margin distinctly waved ; 

 beneath the apical angle the outer margin is strongly sinuated and concave, after which it is' 

 convex to posterior angle ; inner margin more or less concave. Costal neivure short ; /;-j/and 

 second subcostal nervules eraiiiti. qXosq iog&ihQV ntTix end oi ctW ; third emitted about half-way 

 between end of cell and apex of wing ; fourth andji/ih bifurcating at about one-fourth from apex. 

 Upper disco-cellular nervules angled at apex of cell and concave to lower discoidal nervule ; 

 lower disco-cellular nervule slender and indistinct, or somewhat obsolete. Discoidal nervules 

 well separated at their base ; third median nervule rounded at base, where it has an 

 apparently common origin with the second ; second and first median nervules widely separated. 

 HiNDVViNG, subovate, the costal margin obliquely convex ; outer margin very convex, waved, 

 and produced into a short caudate appendage at anal angle. Abdominal margin convex and 

 overlapping at base, and then distinctly concave and slightly divergent to anal angle. Costal 

 nervure arched and extending to apex ; discoidal nervule emitted a little beyond the bifurcation 

 of the subcostal nervules ; discoidal cell with the apex entirely open ; median nervules arranged 

 much as in the forewing. Body, short ; palpi, long, porrect, and pointed ; antenna, slender, 

 gradually thickened towards apex." (Distant, I.e.) 



Larva cylindrical, with several series of short branched spines. Pupa with the apex 

 pointed, the dorsal segments with tubercular points. 



'•This genus is of very considerable extent, and it is in Africa — tropical and subtropical 



that its greatest number of species are found ; in fact, if we include Madagascar, at least 

 three-fourths of the present known species inhabit the Ethiopian region. Precis is also found 



in Continental India, Ceylon, and onwards, and sparingly — as regards its number of species 



through the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago, and is represented in Australia. At this 

 time about forty species have been described." (^Distant, 1. c.) It is very closely allied indeed to 

 yunonia in all stages of its existence, so much so that yunonia atlites has been recently placed* 

 by Mr. Moore in the former genus, while Mr. Butlert has placed Precis iphita in the genus 

 yunonia. The two genera can however be distinguished by "the anterior tarsus of the male 

 being about one-third the length of the tibia," while in yunonia it is about half the length only. 

 (Doubleday, 1. c). In Precis the club of the antenna is gradually incrassate, in yunonia it is 

 short and rather abrupt. A single species occurs in India proper, and an allied one from the 

 Malay Peninsula and Archipelago. It is a dull brown butterfly with indistinct darker 

 transverse bands, with a series of obscure ocelli on the hindvving, and usually bears on the 

 underside one or two ochreous spots near the costal margin of the hindwing. 



343- Precis iphita, Cramer. (Plate XIX, Fig. 84 $ ). 



Papilio iphita, Cramer. Pap. Ex., vol. iii, pi. ccix, figs. C, D (1779); id , Fabricius. Sp. Ins., vol. ii, p. 86. 

 n. 379 (1781) ; idem, id.. Mant. Ins., p. 46, n. 457 (1787) ; idem, id., Ent. Syst , vol. iii, p. 109, n. 337(1793) '; 

 Vanessa iphita, Godart, Enc. Me'th., vol. ix, p. 314. n. 40 (1819) ; /-r^^V z>)/«Vrt, Moore, Lep. Cey., vol. i' 

 p. 39, pi. x.xi, figs. I. la, imago; lb, /ar^a and/«/« (i88i) ; id, Distant, Rhop. Malay., p. 90, n. i, pi. xi,' 

 fig. 9, male: pi. ix., fig. $, female variety {iZZi) ; Junonia iphita, Butler, Cat. Fabr. Lep. B. M., p.'ye, n. 17 

 C1869) ; Precis intermedia, Felder, Reise Novara, Lep., vol. iii, p. 402, n. 600 (i856). 



* Lep Cey., vol. i, p. 40. t Cat Fabr. Lep. B. M., p. 76, n. 17. 



