70 NYMPH ALID.E. NYMPH ALIN.E. JUNONIA. 



347- Junonia lemonias, Linnoens. 



Papilio hmonias, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed, x, p. 473, n 93 {1758) ; idem, id., ed. xii, p. 770, n. 136 (1767) ; 

 id., Clerck, Icones Ins., vol. iii (ined ), pi. vii, fig. 2 (1764); id., Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 490, n. 207 (1775) ; 

 idem., id., Spec. Ins., vol. ii, p. 70, n. 314 (1781) J idem., id,, Maiit. Ins., vol. ii, p. 34, n. 365 (1787); idem., 

 id., Ent. Syst., vol. iii, pt. i, p. 90, n. 2S2 (1793), /a?"^; id, Sulzer, Gesch. Ins., p. 144, pi. xvi, figs. 7, it 

 (1776J; id., Gmelin, Syst. Nat., vol. i, pt. 5, p. 2292, n. 136 (1790); id., Herbst, Naturs. Schmett., vol. vii, 

 p. 158, n. 59, pi. clxxvii, figs. 3, 4 (1794) ; Haniadryas Icmonias, Hiibner, Samml, Ex. Schmett., vol. i, pi. 1 

 (1806-16) ; Fa/^Wrt /^w,7«/aj, Godirt, Enc. Meth., vol. ix, p. 310, n. 31 (1819) ; Junonia. lemonias, Horsfield 

 and Moore, Cat. Lep. Mus. E. I. C, vol. i, p. 139, n. 281 (1857) ; id., Butler, Cat. Fab. Lep. B. M., p. 74, n. g 

 (i86q) ; id., Moore, Lep, Cey., vol. i, p. 41, pi. xxi, figs. 3, ;«a& ; 3(1, y^Wir/^ (1881) ; id., Distant, Rhop. 

 Malay., p. 96, n. 4, pi. xi, flg. 5, ;«a/? (1882) ; Papilla aonls, Cramer, Pap. Ex., vol. i, p. 55, pi. xxxv, 

 figs. D-F (1775) ; Junonia. aonls, Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schmett., p. 34, n, 284 (1S16J, 



Habitat : India, Ceylon, Malayana, China. 



Expanse : i-8 to 2-55 inches. 



Description: " Male and female. Upperside pale brownish ochraceous. Porewing 

 with the cell crossed by the following markings : — a slender waved black line near base, two 

 waved black lines enclosing a pale ochraceous fascia a little beyond the middle, and a similarly 

 coloured and enclosed fascia at about end of cell ; beyond this the ground-colour is some- 

 what darker and marked with the following pale ochraceous spots : — a discal series of six 

 crossing the wing and divided by the nervules, the upper spot beneath the subcostal nervure 

 and with the second and third forming a slightly oblique series ; fourth and fifth directed 

 inwardly, and sixth again deflexed outwardly beneath the first median nervule ; this series is 

 followed by another containing seven spots of the same colour, of which the upper three are 

 divided by the fourth and fifth subcostal nervules ; the fourth and fifth are separated by the 

 third median nervule, and the sixth and seventh — which are small and somewhat indistinct — 

 are placed on each side of the first median nervule ; an indistinct submarginal series of 

 spots placed between the nurvules, and two ocellated spots, the first and smallest situated be- 

 tween the discoidal nervules, and the second and largest situated on the second and first 

 median nervules. /^m^/w/w^ with a large elongated and duplex ocellated spot, the smaller 

 portion of which is situated between the subcostal nervules, the larger portion extending over 

 the discoidal nervule, and a very small and indistinct ocellated spot between the second and 

 first median nervules, a broad fuscous submarginal line and two marginal lines of the same 

 colour [enclosing pale ochreous lines]. Underside pale and dull ochraceous. Fortwing with 

 the cell crossed by fascise as above ; other markings generally as above ; the upper ocellated spot 

 indistinct. Hindwing with several irregular, darker, basal fascice, and with a broad submarginal 

 fascia enclosing five dark spots placed between the nervules, of which the second, situated above 

 the discoidal nervule, and the fifth, placed between the second and first median nervules, are 

 largest ; marginal and submarginal lines as above. Body and legs more or less concolourous 

 with the wings." ( Distant, I.e. ) 



Larva as found in Ceylon, "Cylindrical, smoky black, with a pale dorsal band and 

 paler lateral lower shade ; each segment with eight small branched spines." {Moore, I.e. in Lep. 

 Cey.) According to Colonel A. M. Lang it feeds on Barleria prioniies-* 



This is a widely-spread and common Indian species occurring almost everywhere in thfe 

 plains in the region of heavy rainfall, and extending into the hills up to 7,000 feet elevation. 

 The underside is variable in colour, some specimens having the ground ochreous, others fer- 

 ruginous and others again beautifully pink or rosy, and there are numerous gradations 

 between them. The markings of the underside also vary much in distinctness, in some 

 examples they are almost obsolete, in others very prominent. These variations are not 

 confined to particular localities, but appear to occur indiscriminately. I possess two "sports," 

 both females, from Bholahat, Malda ( IV. H. Irvhi"), and Orissa ( \V. C. Taylor), which have 

 all the markings blurred and obliterated on both sides. 



• Ent. Month, Mag., vol. i, p. 132 {1864-5). 



