NYMPHALID^. NYMPIIALIN/E. NEPTIS. loi 



does not reach the costa, ending in the subcostal interspace. There is a single male and two 

 females of this species in the Indian Museum, Calcutta, taken in the Mergui archipelago by 

 Dr. Anderson in the cold weather, one of which has been identified by Mr. Moore. 



Four apparently allied species of this group have been described from the Malay penin- 

 sula. One of them {N. goiiouata) Mr. Distant says "is an undoubted local race" of N. soma, 

 from the figure, however, it appears to be nearer to N. nata, but without specimens it is 

 impossible to say for certain. The descriptions are appended.* 



The five species which follow have the discoidal streak of the forewing on the upperside 

 very narrow and well-separated from the spot beyond ; the discal series of spots on the fore- 

 wing aie well-separated, and on the underside all the bands and markings are very white and 

 distinct but their edges blurred, owing to the absence of any black bordering. The ground- 

 colour of the underside is ferruginous, not ochreous as in the varmona group. 



391- Neptis mananda, Moore, 



N. mananda, Moore, Proc. Zool. Sec. Lend., 1S77, p. 586, pi. Iviii, fig. ^^ female; id , Butler, Ann, and Mag. 

 of Nat. Hist., fifth series, vol. ivi, p. 305, n. 40 (1885). 



Habitat : South Andamans (Port Blair), Car Nicobar ; Assam. 



Expanse : <? , i -85 to 2'3o ; ? , 2'25 to 2'6o inches. 



Description: "Male and female. Upperside, black. Forewing, with narrow 

 dusky-white cell-streak and elongated pointed streak beyond ; a discal curved transverse series 

 of small white spots and two marginal rows of indistinct pale lunules. Hi/idwitig, with broad 

 white subbasal band, an indistinct pale brown submarginal narrow line, and a less distinct 



* Neptis lenconata, Butler, Trans. Linn. Soc, Zoology, second series, vol. i, p. 541, n. 2, pi. Ixix, fig. i 

 (1877) ; id., Distant, Rhop. Malay., p. 154, n. 8, pi. xvii, fig. 14 (1883). Habitat : Malacca. Expanse : 2 

 inches. Description: "Upperside olive-brown, banded and spotted with cream-colour; arrangement of 

 markings as in N. nata, but the bands of the hindwing wider and nearer together ; pale brown intermediate 

 streaks better defined. Underside slightly redder ; bands and spots as above ; intermediate streaks white." 

 (Butler, 1. c.) 



Nefitis gononata, Butler, Trans. Linn. Soc, Zoology, second series, vol. i, p. 541, n. 3, pi. Ixix, fig. 2 (1877J ; 

 id.. Distant, Rhop. Malay., p. 154, n. 9, pi. xviii, fig. 2, t/iale (iSS^). Habitat : Malacca. Expanse : 2'i inches. 

 Description : " Wings of the same shape and with the same spots and bands as JV. soma ; but all these mark- 

 ings pure white instead of sordid yellowish white. Underside chocolate-brown ; bands below straighter ; 

 submarginal line of hindwing below white. Intermediate in character between A^. 7iata and N. soma." 

 {Butler, 1. c.) 



Neptis duryodana, var., Distant, Rhop. Malay., p. 155, n. 10, pi. xvi, fig. 15,/efiiale (1883) ; IV. duryodana, 

 Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1858, p. 10, n. 21, pi. xlix. fig. 8. Habitat : Province Wellesley, Malacca, 

 Borneo. Expanse: Female, i' 2. mcVe.^. Description: "Female Upperside dark fuscous. Fot eiving v;\xh 

 the following white spots and markings : — a long basal cellular streak gradually widening and terminating about 

 apex of cell ; this i-- followed by a long subtriangular spot placed between the lower discoidal and the third 

 median nervules ; two large subapical spots placed obliquely, divided by the upper discoidal nervule and preceded 

 by two very small subcostal spots ; two rounded discal spots divided by the second median nervule ; two smaller 

 spots on inner margin divided by the submedian nervure, and a submarginal series of small spots directed 

 obliquely inward at apex, which are outwardly and inwardly margined with black ; cilia alternately white. 

 Hindwing with the following white markings : — a nearly straight transverse fascia near base and a series of 

 small subquadrate spots on outer third of wing, which are divided by the nervules, with the innermost obliquely 

 deflexed towards anal angle ; between these transverse white markings is a very narrow pale fascia, and there 

 is also a narrower and greyish submarginal one ; cilia alternately white. Underside much paler and more 

 or less olivaceous ; white markings as above, but larger ; on the forewing the submarginal series of spots are 

 preceded and followed by grey lines, the inner one very strongly waved ; the hir.dzving has the basal costal 

 margin white, an additional subbasal narrow whitish fascia, the narrow discal intermediate fascia much paler 

 and the submarginal one nearly white. Body above fuscous, beneath greyish ; legs greyish, the intermediate 

 and posterior tibiae and tarsi bro^^nish." 



" I have compared the female specimen here figured and described with the Bornean tj-pe in the British 

 Museum, and find the following slight varietal differences : — on the underside of the forewing the cellular streak is 

 not so strongly divided from the adjacent and following spot ; the broad white fascia on the hindwing reaches 

 the costal margin, (in another Malaccan specimen in the British Museum this fascia does not extend to the costal 

 margin, thus agreeing with the t>'pical form of the species), and the colour beneath is also darker, but this is an 

 inconstant character." (Distant, 1. c.) 



Neptis charon, Butler, Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist., third series, vol. xx, p. 400, pi. ix, fig. i (1867) ; id.. 

 Distant, Rhop. Malay., p. 155, n. 11, with a woodcut (1883). Habitat : Singapore. Expanse : 2*56 inches. 

 Description: " Upperside very black. Forewing with a triangular discoidal streak, a contiguous cuneate 

 spot, three unequal subapical spots, three subanal placed obliquely and eight submarginal dots, snowy-white ; 

 eight marginal dots and a very indistinct irregular discal stria somewhat ashy. Hindwing with a subbasal band 

 and another discal one of seven spots snowy-white ; a macular submarginal stria somewhat ashy, an indistinct 

 fuscescent median band ; body black, greenish ; antenniE black, tipped with yellow. Underside paler, the 

 discal streaks of the forewing and the median of the hindwing tinged with violet, the submarginal streak hoary- 

 whitish, the marginal streak ashy ; the costal base of the hindwing snowy-white ; otherwise as on upperside : body 

 bluish-white ; the legs ochreous, the antentite ferruginous." 



" Near to N. duryodana of Moore, but quite distinct." (Butler, 1. c.) 



