fo6 NYMPHALID^. NYMPIIALIN/E. NEPTIS. 



and in all South Indian examples the markings on the underside, especially of the hindwing, 

 are longer and more prominent. N. opJiiana is a well-marked species, its only near ally in 

 India being A''. Jiiartabana. 



401. Neptis martalsana, Moore. 



N. vttit iabana, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 18S1, p. 310, 



Habitat : Rangoon, Upper Tenasserim. 



Expanse : 2-3 inches. 



Description: "Male. Intermediate between t7. columella and A'', ophiana. From 

 the former it is one-fourth smaller in size. From the Darjiling type of N, ophiana it differs 

 on the Joreioing in having the discoidal streak more distinctly broken near the end, and in 

 there being a wider space between its end and the large conical spot beyond. On the hmdiving 

 the subbasal transverse band is somewhat broader, and tlie submarginal spots smaller, more 

 rounded, and less prominent. Underside of a much darker chestnut purplish-brown, the 

 markings showing out much more strongly." {Moore, 1. c.) 



There is a single male of this species in the Indian Museum, Calcutta, taken in the Thoun- 

 gyeen forests in the autumn, and named by Mr. Moore. It is smaller than the average speci- 

 mens of N, ophiana, the discoidal streak of the forewing is more distinctly broken near its 

 extremity, but in other respects it differs but slightly from some examples of A', ophiana, and 

 should I think be considered as a variety only of that species, especially as the true N. ophiana 

 is known to occur in the regions north and south of that from whence N. maitabana has been 

 recorded. 



402. ITeptiS JumTaall, Moore. 



N.Jumhah, Moore, Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Lep. Mus. E. I. C, vol. i, p. 167, n. 345, pi. \vn, fig 5 (1857) ; 

 N. jumba, id., Proc Zool. Soc Lond., 1858, p. 7, n 14 ; idem, id., Lep. Cey., vol. i, p. 55, pi. xxviii, figs. 2, 2a, 

 imago ; zb, latva and/«/a (1881). 



Habitat : Eastern and Southern India, Ceylon, Burma, Andamans. 



Expanse : 2"2 to 27 inches. 



Description : " Upperside smoky-black. A»;rzw2«^ with a narrow longitudinal discoidal 

 streak, and a triangular spot in continuation, white ; a transverse curved row of interrupted 

 white spots from apical third of costal margin to near middle of posterior margin, composed 

 of two very narrow longitudinal spots on the costal margin, beneath which are two large spots, 

 then a very small streak, then two large spots, and lastly two narrower spots terminating 

 on posterior margin ; between this band of spots and exterior margin are two rows of more 

 or less defined iunular-shaped white spots, these being bounded exteriorly by a shade of deep 

 black. Hindwing with a broad white band from costal to abdominal margin, being intersected 

 by the veins ; near outer margin a row of ill-defined white lunated marks, bounded 

 exteriorly by deep black, then a submarginal row of black lines ; between the white band 

 and row of white lunated marks is a broad band of black. Underside ferruginous. Fore- 

 wing with markings as above, but the four rows of markings along exterior margin white, 

 and suffused at the apex and near the middle with ferruginous. Hindwing with the broad 

 white band ; abdominal margin, base of costal margin, and broadly across parallel with 

 the band, suffused with white ; a marginal and two submarginal rows of whitish marks, 

 between which and the broad band a series of five dark ferruginous spots from abdominal 

 margin, and terminating in white marks on costal margin. Body above, black ; beneath, 

 white. Sexes alike." (_Moore, 1. c. in Cat. Lep. Mus. E. I. C.) 



'• Larva pale brownish-purple, anal segments below dark purple-brown spotted with green, 

 and bordering an oblique line extending laterally from anal spines obliquely to base of spines on 

 fourth segment ; anterior and anal segments narrowed, the middle segments thickened laterally ; 

 head armed with two short points, two long divergent fleshy spiny tubercles on fourth segment, 

 two short dorsal fleshy tubercles on third, fifth, and sixth segments, Feeds on Byttneriacete, &c. 

 Pupa pale brownish-ochreous, head with two short points, thorax angulated." {Moore, 1. c. 

 iu Lep. Cey.) 



