NYMniALIDyE. NYMPHALINyE. CIRRHOCHROA. lH 



and is widest at the costa ; the outer margin, especially at the apex, broadly black, decreasing 

 towards the anal angle, where it includes one, two or three fulvous lunulas. Outline truncate 

 at the apex, sinuous below. Hindwing with the usual pale quadrate spot on the middle of 

 the costal margin, a somewhat even discal line, obsolete in some specimens, the usual six 

 round discal black spots, two lunular submarginal and marginal stiaiglit black lines beyond, 

 the inner one obsolescent towards the costa. Underside opalescent buff, but variable in depth 

 of shade. The usual discal fascia across both luings, its outer margin defined by a prominent 

 straight fine purple line, its inner edge with an irregular brown yellow-bordered line : the 

 fascia broad on the costa of the forewing, narrowing gradually and regularly to the inner 

 margin, of nearly equal width throughout on the hindwing. Other markings as above, but 

 paler ; the marginal lunular lines yellow, not black ; a prominent pale apical patch on the 

 forewing. Female. Upperside dark olivaceous, all the markings heavier and darker than in 

 the male. Forewing with a prominent broad discal whitish band stained with pale fulvous 

 towards the inner margin, its outer edge very irregular, and the outer edge of the discal 

 fascia below showing through. Towards the anal angle it bears two series of very indistinct 

 submarginal black lunules. Hindwing with the costal white spot much larger, narrowly 

 prolonged to the discoidal nervule. Underside purplish- white, the discal fascia much 

 more prominent and paler, otherwise as in the male. 



In Major Marshall's collection are two males taken at Lampha by Captain C. H. E. 

 Adamson in March, three males and a female taken in the Thoungyeen Forests in that month, 

 and one male (the darkest) in the autumn by Captain C. T. Bingham. The male is nearest 

 to a Perak specimen of C. bajadeta, but the apex of the forewing is truncate and less produced, 

 and does not bear the pale spot on the upperside ; the ground-colour is also lighter, especially 

 below. The female is quite different from that sex of C. bajadeta, and may be distinguished 

 from C. aoris in having the discal band whitish instead of ochreous, and the black margin 

 beyond untraversed by a series of prominent ochreous lunules ; the veins of the forewing also 

 across the disc are more distinctly black in the male than in any other Indian species. 



The figure, showing both the upper and undersides, is taken from the type female speci- 

 men in Major Marshall's collection. 



Two allied species, C. bajadeta and C, malaya, from the Malay peninsula are described 

 below. * 



* Cirrkochroa bajadeta, Moore, Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Lap. Mus E. I. C , vol. i, p. 150, n. 309, 

 pi. iii«, figs. 3, -^a (1857) ; id., Distant, Rhop. Malay., p. 179, n. 4, pi. xix, figs. i. junle; 2, fettiale (1S83) ; Cir- 

 rcchroa ravana,'iAaoxft,\.c., n. 310. Habitat : Perak, Penang. Province Wellesley, Malacca, Borneo, Java, 

 Expanse: 2'6 to 3*0 inches L)escription : "Male. Upperside reddish-ochraceous i^or^jy/^^ with the 

 costa, a narrow transverse fascia near end of cell, and the outer margin — very broad at apex — black ; beyond 

 the cell the colour is somewhat paler, giving the appearance of a broad transverse fascia ; and a small ochraceous 

 subapical spot. Himhving with the outer area from end of cell paler, its inner area marked on each side of the 

 submedian nervure with a lunate black linear spot, and by a similar spot above the upper subcostal nervule; an 

 irregular series of small black spots placed between the nervules (absent between the third median and the dis- 

 coidal nervules), and three waved submarginal black fasciae, the outer one more or less fused with the dark outer 

 margin. Underside paler in hue. Forewing with the cell crossed by two linear darker fasciae, one at its 

 termination, the other beyond middle and extending beneath the median nervure ; a somewhat violaceous area 

 cro.ssing wing beyond cell, broad at costa and very narrow and attenuated at inner margin ; apex obscurely infus- 

 cated, and containing two subapical greyish white spots and a marginal waved fascia, the edges of which are 

 distinctly pale fuscous ; beneath the first median nervule and in front of the pale fascia is an irregularly formed 

 fuscous spot. Hindwing crossed by a narrow and a very pale violaceous fascia, which is distinctly narrowed and 

 attenuated between the upper subcostal and the discoidal nervules ; black spots as above, but margined with 

 reddish-ochraceous ; marginal and submarginal fasciae as on the forewing. Body and legs more or less con- 

 colourous with the wings. Female. Upperside as in male, with the pale area better defined and inwardly 

 but narrowly margined with blackish. Underside with the medial fasciae paler," 



" The female of this species appears to have been described by Mr. Moore under the name of C •>avana, 

 but having received both sexes from Java, Borneo, and the Malay Peninsula, I feel no doubt as to its sexual 

 relation to C. bajadeta." (Distant, 1. c.) 



In the Indian Museum, Calcutta, is a single male of this species from Perak. 



Cirrliochroa malaya, Felder, Wien. Ent Monatsch., vol. iv, p. 399, n. 18 (i860) ; id., Distant, Rhop. Malay., 

 p. 180, n. 5, pi. X, figs. 4, wale ; 2t/e""^te (1SS3) ; Cirrochroa jolumncs, Butler, Proc. Zool Soc, 1868, p. 221, 

 pi. xvii, fig. 10 ; idem, id.. Trans. Linn. Soc, Zoology, second series, vol. i, p. 543, n 2(1877). Habitat: 

 Perak, Province Wellesley, Malacca. Expanse: 2'5 to 2'8 inches. Description: "Male and Fe.'m-vle. 

 Resembling the corresponding sexes of C. bajadeta, but with the pale violaceous fascia crossing the underside 

 of the hindwing entire and not attenuated at the subcostal and discoidal nervules as in that species ; the under- 

 side of both wings is also generally rather darker and more violaceous than in C. bajadeta." 



" Both Mr. Butler and Mr. Kirby incline to the opinion that the C tnalaya, Felder, is more or less sj-no- 

 nymous with C. bajadeta, and the reasons why I have differed from these authorities and identified it with 

 C Johannes are contained in Felder's diagnosis. Thus the description of the underside of the wings as " lilacino 

 suffusis," and he pale fascia to the hindwing as " angusta recta," thoroughly applies to the species figured and 



