NYMPHALID.'E. NYMPHAUN^E. HVrOLIMNAS. 127 



blue, 07/« alternately greyish. Underside, >my/«^ with the large discal spot as above, 

 but extending to costa, and more or less margined with fuscous, and before which the colour 

 is pale castaneous. beneath it fuscous and beyond it ochiaceous ; basal half of costal area 

 fuscous, irrorated with minute bluish-grey spots ; cell with three upper white spots broadly 

 and irregularly surrounded with black ; subapical spot as above, followed by a small spot 

 on each side of lower subcostal [discoidal] nervule and a minute spot on each side of first median 

 nervule ; two narrow submarginal bhiish-grey fasciae, bordered on each side with fuscous. 

 HhKhmng reddish ochraceous, crossed by a broad white fascia, commencing at costal nervure 

 where it is broadest, and terminating near the internal nervure where it is narrowest, and 

 which is inwardly straight and anteriorly margined with fuscous ; it is outwardly notched 

 at upper subcostal nervule, and then rounded to submedian nervure, where it is somewhat 

 prolonged towards anal angle, and there contains an angulated black spot, and also an 

 irregular black spot situated between the costal nervure and upper subcostal nervule ; a basal 

 black spot before the prrecostal nervure, a submarginal series of small bluish-white spots 

 placed between the nervules, and submarginal fasciae as on forewing. Body above concolour- 

 ous with wings, and with the head spotted with white ; body beneath fuscous, spotted with 

 white ; legs fuscous, greyish-white beneath ; palpi (excluding apices) white beneath." (Distant, 



^' ''Vemale I. Form (P. diocippns of Cramer). " Upperside reddish ochraceous. Foreiving 

 with rather less than apical half, beginning at base, gradually widening across apex of cell and 

 nanowlyterminatingatposteiiorangle, black, containing a waved series of five white spots 

 placed between the nervules, the first smallest and linear, the second and third subquadrate, 

 fourth and fifth more or less rounded ; this series is preceded by about two small subcostal 

 white spots and followed by a waved series of four small subapical white spots, the two upper- 

 n,ost largest; two submarginal series of small bluish-white spots not distinct y extending 

 beyond the first median nervule. OV/a alternately greyish. //,W...^ with a large media 

 black spot beneath th. costal nervure, and a marginal black fascia preceded by some small 

 paler and indistinct spots, . i containing a series of lunate ochraceous spots placed between 

 the nervules, bluish at anal angle. CUia as on the forewing. Underside, foreimng as 

 above but with the apex beyond the transverse spots ochraceous and not black. Hmdivmg 

 with the disc whitish ; a basal spot and a medial subcostal spot as in male, and a black spot 

 at end of cell ; a broad white marginal fascia containing three waved black lines, and 

 preceded by a series of small white spots." _ , . , . 



This form "affords one of the best and strongest examples of ' mimicry, it being a true 

 and startling mimic of Danais ch,ysippus, a protected species which is found with it 

 in its different habitats, excluding America, where, however, it is evidently an mtroduced 

 species. According to Boisduval, this resemblance is even found at first sight in the 

 larvae of the two species, which in South Africa feed upon the leaves of the Oleander. 



(^Distant, 1. c.) ,,,_,•!, 



This form of the female is the most widely distributed, probably occurring everywhere 

 with the male. I am aware of its occurrence in South Africa, Aden, Karachi, Simla, Oudh, 

 Malda, Calcutta, North Canara, Bombay, the Nilgiris, Bangalore, Trichinopoly, Travancore, 

 Ceylon, Katchall in the Nicobars, the Malay peninsula and Batavia. 



At Aden [Mojor Ye, bury), Ootacamund ((7. F. Hampsoit), and probably elsewhere m 

 India a variety of this form occurs with the disc of the hindwing on the upperside white ; it mimics 

 the variety of Danais chrysippus named alcippus, which also has white on the hindwing. 



Female II. Form C/'. ///^r/a of Cramer). "This differs from the ordinary fem.ile in 

 the absence of the black ground-colour [at the apex of the forewing], and the oblique white 

 band, these parts being of the some ferruginous colour as the other parts of the wing." 



^^^This"fo!m occurs less commonly than the other, examples of it have been taken in 

 South Africa, at Aden, Karachi, Bombay, Rajputana, Oudh, Malda, Calcutta, Bhadrachallum, 

 Madras, Bangalore, Ceylon, Java and Amboyna. Its model is an unnamed form of Danan 

 dorippits in which the hindwing is entirely red. 



