136 NYMPHALIDiE. NYMPHALIN.E. ARGYNNIS. 



I took A. jainadeva '\\\ several places in Kashmir in June and also in Ladak ; the latter owing 

 to the scanty vegetation and dry climate are much smaller and lighter coloured than specimens 

 from elsewhere. Kulii female specimens are exceedingly dark on the upperside, the 

 ground-colour basally being fuscous tinted with deep vinous purple. As pointed out by 

 Mr. Butler the male has no secondary sexual characters on the upperside of the forewingi 

 though some specimens show traces of thickening on the first and second median nervules, 

 A, adippe possessing this character to a greater extent. It does not appear to occur on the 

 outer ranges of the Himalayas ; it seems to be confined to the inner ranges of the Western 

 Himalayas at elevations above 8,000 feet. Mr. VV. Doherty took it at Dhankri in Western 

 Kumaon at 11,000 feet. 



427. Argynnis vitatha, Moore. 



A. vitatlia, Moore, Proc. Zool., Soc. Loud., 1874, p. 568. 



H.\BITAT : Kashmir, North side of Rajdiangan pass and Gurais ; Gilgit. 

 Expanse: 2 "25 inches. 



Description : '* Allied to A, aglaia ; markings similar but more prominent. Underside 

 of hindwing with the whole of the space from base to the transverse discal series of 

 silvery spots, as well as their outer bordered spots and marginal lunules, dark powdery 

 green." (Moore, 1. c.) 



Tlirough the kindness of Mr. J. F. Duthie I have lately received three males and a female 

 of this species obtained probably near Gilgit under the same conditions as the ^. ;^(?«r/(7r« 

 mentioned above. They may at once be distinguished from A.jainadeza by all the markings 

 on the upperside being much smaller ; the apex of the forewing, the whole basal area of llie 

 hindwing up to the discal series of silver spots, also a series of spots placed outwardly 

 against these latter, rich powdery green ; the marginal silver lunules also surrounded with 

 that colour (assuming the form of lunules within). On the hindwing also on the underside 

 there is no series of rufous-brown spots with silver centres between the marginal and discal 

 series of silver spots, nor a silver spot on the costa between the discal and subbasal series of 

 silver spots as in A. jainadeva. 



A description of A. aglaia is appended for reference, A. vitatha being at best but a very 

 slight variety of it.* 



428. Argyanis clara, Bianchard. 



A. clara, Bianchard, Jacquemont's Voy. dans 1' Inde, vol. iv, p. 20, n. 14, Insectes pi. ii, figs. 2, 3 (1844), 



Habitat : Tihri Garhwal, North- West Himalayas. 



Expanse : 2*3 inches. 



Description : " Upperside golden-yellow, with small black spots arranged in transverse 

 rows. [Underside], /2/«(/rw«^ greenish-golden, with irregular basal spots and spots arranged in 

 two rows, silvery." 



"Upperside orange-yellow, with the base of both wings thickly irrrorated with black ; 

 the foreioing has a kidney-shaped spot towards the middle of the discoidal cell, a little 

 beyond a second comma-shaped spot, and at the end a third elongated spot ; the hindiviiiq 

 also has a black spot at the end [of the cell]. Both xvings have three transverse series of 

 spots, the first placed a little beyond the discoidal cell is sinuous, the second is more 



* Arcryiinis aglaia, lAnnxws,. "Cilia black and whitish. Nervures of the forewing with black lines [on the 

 uppbrsidb] in the male._ Both wings bright fulvous in the male, duller in the female. Hind margins black; 

 bases dusky, darkest in the female ; the markings consist of the usual black .spots and black marginal lunules ' 

 the square spots near the middle of the wings are joined so as to form a narrow wavy band. V liV^s^RS,^G^i, /oreiving- 

 light reddish brown, spotted with black, ape.K with _ green and silver marginal spots. Hinkuniig bronze-green, 

 with a band of straw-colour tinged with green running parallel to the hind margin; silver spots large and distinct' 

 arranged in three rows ; first a row of semi-lunar spots along the hind margin, then a medial rov, internal to this 

 a row of three spots, and then three more at the base. There are never any brown, silver-centred spots between 

 the marginal and medial rows; or any costal si'ver spot between the medial and internal rows. Expanse ; 2'25 to 

 2-50 inches. Habitat : Europe, the C.inaries, .Asia Minor, Syria and Persia." (Zrt«^ in Butt, of Europe, 

 p. 209.) 



