NYxMPHALID/E. NYMPIIALIN.E. ARGYNi\IS. 137 



regular and composed of six small rounded spots, of wliich only five are well marked on 

 the hindwing, the third placed in front of a black streak before the outer margin is formed 

 of triangles resembling a festoon. Underside, foreiving coloured as above but slightly 

 paler, as are also the spots, the apex slightly tinged with green, the marginal series of 

 spots silvery, as are also some others near the second series of spots. Hindiving yellowish-green, 

 slightly gilded, the black spots of the upperside silvery, rather larger ; in addition, between 

 the marginal band composed of triangular spots and the band which precedes it 

 there is a series of five small yellow spots. Body blackish, covered with yellow hairs." 

 (Blanchard, 1. c.) 



A. clara is a very beautiful and distinct species. In Bianchard's figure the upperside of 

 the forewing at the apex above the third median nervule has some whitish streaks between 

 the nervules, there are three spots in the cell, the outer and inner ones reniform, two 

 discal series, a submarginal dentate line and two straight marginal lines all black. 

 Hindwing with a spot in the cell, two discal series and the marginal markings as in the 

 forewing, but beyond the dentate line there is a series of whitish or silvery lunulas. Under- 

 side, forewing paler than above, the spots smaller, the apex broadly whitish. Hindwing 

 golden green, two series of subbasal spots, an elongated discal series and a marginal 

 highly dentate series all silvery ; beyond the discal series are five round yellow spots 

 between the nervules. 



The exact locality where Jacquemont took the type specimen is unknown, but Mr. J. C. 

 Pyne who accompanied Mr. J. F. Duthie on a trip into the Garhwal Himalayas took several 

 examples of A, clara "about the middle of August, 1883, on the side of a mountain 

 called Phulaldaru in the Nila valley, the Nila being a tributary of the Bhagirathi or Ganges. 

 The elevation must have been about 12,000 feet, and the locality in the territory of Tihri 

 Garhwal." (Duthie in epis.) This is the only certain locality known for this species, 

 which was rediscovered on this occasion ; these specimens are now in the British Museum. 



429. Argynnis lathonia, Linn^us. 



Papilio lathonia (recte latoiiia) Linnaeus, Faun. Suec, p. 282, n. io63 (1761) ; idem , id., Syst. Nat., 

 ed. xii, vol. i, pt. 2, p. 786, n. 213 (1767; ; id., Hubner, Eur. Schmett., vol. i, figs. 59, 60 (1793 ?) ; fig. 613 

 (1823 ?) ; id., Herrich-Schaffer, Schmett. Eur., vol. i, figs. 152—154 (1844) ; id , F.Kves, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 

 18S2, p. 404 ; Argynnis latonia, Godart, Enc. M^th., vol. ix, p. 267, n. 26 (1819) ; id., KoUar in Hiigel's 

 Kaschmir, vol. iv, pt. 2, p. 440, n. 4 (1S48) ; Papilio Athalia valdensis, Esper, Schmett., vol. i, pt. 2, pi. cxv, 

 fig. 4 {1800 1); A. isceea, Gray, Lep. Ins. Nepal, p. 11 (1846) ; A. isscea, Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Lep. Mus. 

 E. I. C, vol. i, p. 156, n. 323 (1857) ; id., Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1865, p 495, n. 60. 



Habitat : Europe, North Africa, Central Asia, Himalayas. 



Expanse : 1 7 to 24 inches. 



Description: Male. Upperside fulvous, with black spots ; forewing with the base, costa 

 and inner margin, hindwing with the basal and abdominal area widely, mottled with darker 

 coloured scales. Foreivino with a reniform spot enclosing a portion of the ground-colour, a 

 transverse spot beyond and one closing the end of the cell. A discal twice-angled series, 

 with an additional spot tov/ards the base in the submedian interspace ; a suffused subcostal 

 spot ; a submarginal series of six spots, of which the three upper ones are small and round, 

 the lower three larger and less regularly shaped ; a marginal row of lunules ; a black marginal 

 band bearing a series of fulvous linear spots ; towards the apex this border in some specimens 

 coalesces with the marginal spots, leaving three fulvous spots between. Hindwing with a 

 spot closing the cell, three angled series of black spots in continuation of those on the 

 forewing, the outer margin as on the forewing. Underside paler. Foircniitg with the 

 submarginal series of black spots pupilled with silver, a prominent silver spot within the 

 uppermost spot of this series, and five apical marginal silver spots increasing to the third 

 which is the largest. Hindiving with a silver spot at the base just beyond the pra-costal 

 nervure, a very large silver spot between the costal and subcostal nervures, with a triangular 

 one beyond reaching the interspace below ; two small silver spots towards the base of the 

 cell, a very large one beyond extending beyond the cell, an elongated silver spot at the base 

 of the submedian interspace, with another^somcwhat quadrate one beyond it ; two elongated 



18 



