144 NYMPIIALIDyE. NYMniALlN/E. TENTIIEMA. 



Kiilu specimen in having the markings smaller and more irroratcd with grey, and also in 

 having the forewing proportionally longer, the outline of the Sikkim form being very similar 

 to tha't of Daiiais tytia ; the greater depth of colouring is exactly what might be expected in 

 the Sikkim race, but I have not sufficient materials to enable me to decide whether the 

 difference of outline is constant ; it is not referred to by Mr. Butler in his description of 

 C. braluna given below.* The type specimen of C. biiddha, and also my Kulu specimen, have 

 the pale markings pale ochreous throughout and tinted with yellow at the anal angle of the 

 hindwing, the abdominal margin being entirely pale coloured, and on the underside the 

 hind wing and the apex of the forewing are pale ochreous. In the Sikkim specimens the 

 markings are whiter, and the underside is pale fuliginous brown. It may be that the Eastern 

 and Western forms are distinct species, but it cannot be proved till we know what forms 

 occur in the Central region. Mr. Butler's species may be distinct from either, but so far as 

 the description goes it is identical with the Sikkim form. 



The figure shows both sides of a Sikkim male specimen in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. 

 Genus 70.— PENTHEMA, Westwood, (Fronti.spiece). 



Z5/arff'«a, section 2, /VmM^ww, Westwood, Gen. Diurn. Lep., vol. ii, p. 2S1 (1850). 

 " Wings elongate-triangular. Club of antennce slender." {^Westwood, I.e.) 

 AnteniHE long, rather less than half the length of the forewing, the club very slender 

 and gradually-formed. Forewing, casta moderately and evenly arched ; apex rounded ; ouicr 

 margin even, very slightly emarginate ; inner margin straight, rather longer than the outer \ first 

 subcostal nervule given off at about two thirds of the length of the cell, second some distance 

 before its end, third considerably beyond the apex of the costal nervure and before the apex 

 of the first subcostal, not reaching the apex of the wing, fourth reaching the apex of the wing ; 

 tipper disco-cellular nervule short, outwardly oblique ; middle more than twice as long, out- 

 wardly curved, th'owing out a spur into the discoidal cell, lojver sinuous, directed outwards, 

 joining the median nervure far beyond the origin of the second branch, at a distance equal 

 to that between the bases of the first and second median nervules ; submedian nervure sinuous. 

 Hindwing with the pracostal nervure simple, straight, at right angles to the costal nervure ; 

 costal nervure evenly curved ; upper disco-cellular nervule slightly curved outwards, loiver 

 almost in the same line as the upper, slightly more directed inwards, faintly sinuous, joining 

 the median nervure just after the emission of the second median nervule ; sub/nedian and 

 internal nervures gently curved. 



The genus Penthema contains three closely allied species only, which inhabit the north-east 

 of India and Burma. They are amongst the largest insects in the subfamily; the colouration 

 is dark blue with white streaks and spots. They are forest-loving insects. 



Key to the species of Fenthema. 



A. With a white streak at the base of the cell of the forewing and two spots beyond. 



436. P. USARDA, Sikkim, Assam, Sylhet, Cachar. 



B. With all the markings much reduced, the basal streak iu the cell divided into two small spots. 



437. P. DARLISA, Upper Tenasserim. 



C. With all the markings still further reduced, no spot or streak in the cell of forewing. 



438. P. BINGHAMI, Upper Tenasserim. 



436. Penthema lisarda, Doubieday. 



Diadema lisarda, Doubieday, Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist., first series, vol. xvi, p. 233 (1845) ; Penihciitit 

 lisarda, Doubieday and Hewitson, Gen. Diurn. Lep., vol. ii, pi. xxxLx, fig. 3 (1850) ; id., Wood-Mason, Journ. 

 A. S. B., vol. 1, pt. 2, p. 86, n. 3, pi. iii, fig. !> '■'"'!^'-' (i88x) ; Nyinphalis ciiphrone-, Westwood, Ca.b. Or. Ent,, 

 p. 55. pi. xxvii, fig. I (1848). 



Habitat : Sikkim, Assam, Sylhet, Cachar. 



Expanse : 47 to 60 inches. 



* Calinaga b7-ahiiia, Butler, Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist , fifth series, vol. xvi, p. 309, n. 63 (1S85). 

 Habitat: Near Assam. Exi'ANSe: Mate, _^ 6; feiiiale, 4"o inches. Drscription : ''Nearly allied to C 

 biiddha, but both sexes suffused with greyish, especially in the discoidal cell of the foren<ing, so that the 

 bands across and at the end of the cell are blurred and indistinct ; the elbowed discal seriei of spots more or 

 less suffused and reduced in size, as are also the spots beyond the cell of the hindwing; the extremity of 

 the cell in that wins is partly filled in with grey ; the thonxx is of a mere orange tint than in C. buddha. 

 Two males and a female were obtained." (Butter, I.e.) 



