NYMPHALID.E. NYMPHALIN^. PENTHEMA. 145 



Description : " Upperside, brownish-black, marked with numerous white spots and 

 stripes. Underside, fulvous-brown, the forezohig daikev brown, except at the tips, doi/i wings 

 marked as above with white spots. Abdomen, white, with a dorsal stripe of blackish- 

 brown," 



"There is scarcely any distinction between the appearance of the two sexes. The wings 

 are large and broad, with the outer margins slightly sinuose ; the costal margin of the fore- 

 wing is rounded." 



The detail of the markings is as follows : " Upperside brownish-black, the discoidal 

 cell [in the foretuiiig] with three large oval white spots, one near the base and the two others 

 placed obliquely. These are followed by a very much curved series of about ten white 

 sUipes, varying in size and length, the innermost one occupying nearly the whole of the 

 inner margin of the wing ; beyond these are two rows of white spots, seven in each row, 

 the innermost one in the anterior row being confluent with the preceding white dash. In 

 the hindwing the discoidal cell is white, separated by brown veins from a series of white 

 streaks, the innermost of which occupies nearly the whole of the anal area ; beyond these are 

 two rows of white spots, some of those in the anterior row being more or less confluent with 

 the preceding white dashes. Underside, the wings are marked as on the upperside, the 

 ground-colour of the hindwing being of a fulvous-brown, whilst that of the forexving is 

 bi^own, gradually becoming paler to the tip. The head, palpi, and thorax, are black, spotted 

 with white ; and the abdomen is white, with a dorsal band of blackish-brown, the sides also 

 with a row of small black dots." (^IVeshuood, I.e.") " The setose clothing at the base of the 

 hindwing [on the upperside] between the median and submedian nervures is scanty and 

 cretaceous-white like the markings." (^IVood- Mason, I.e.) 



P. lisarda occurs commonly in deep forest in Sikkim in the summer, and appears to be 

 single-broaded. Mr. Wood-Mason obtained numerous specimens in Cachar ; Mr. S. E. Peal 

 has taken it at Sibsagar, and Mr. J. L. Sherwill at Jorehat, both in Assam. It occurs also in 

 Sylhet, Munipore, and the Dafla and Naga Hills. 



437- Pentliema darlisa, Moore. 



p. darlisa, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1878, p. 829; id,, Wood-Mason, Journ. A. S. B , vol.1, pt. 3, 

 p. 87, n. 4, pi. iii, fig. 2, tnale (iSSi). 



Habitat : Upper Tenasserim, Meetan 3,000 feet (April), Thoungyeen forests. 



Expanse : 5-0 to 5*4 inches. 



Description : Male and female. Allied to P. lisarda from North India, differs in the 

 following ^^.n\c\i\a.xs,:—" Foreiving, all the markings, except the streak along posterior margin, 

 are bluish-white and smaller, those within the cell oval, two at the base and two near the 

 end ; the marks of the discal series also are short and conical (not continuing outwards to the 

 inner transverse series), the streak between the lower median nervule and submedian nervure 

 only being elongated. Hindwing, the pale luteous interspaces between the veins are deeply 

 excavated at their end, and partly coalesce with the inner transverse series of spots (the spots 

 being larger), the outer row are also larger, conical, and deeply excavated externally ; a black 

 streak traverses the cell." {Moore, 1, c.) "This species also diff"ers from P. lisarda in 

 its broader wings, a character not mentioned by Mr. Moore in his description of the species. 

 The scanty setose clothing of the base of the hindwing [on the upperside] is fuscous." {Wood' 

 Mason, 1. c) 



Captain C.T, Bingham has obtained numerous specimens of this species in the Thoungyeen 

 forests in Upper Tenasserim. It has been found nowhere out of Upper Tenasseiim at 

 present. In fine fresh specimens the whole of tlie markings on the upperside of the 

 hindwing and the long streak in the internal interspace with tlie duplex spot in the 

 interspace above on the forewing being straw colour, while all the other markings on the 

 forewing are bluish-white, makes a strong contrast between this species and P, lisarda ; in the 

 latter all the markings are whitish or just tinged with palest ochreous. 



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