NYMPHALID^. NYMPHALIN^. PARTHENOS. 147 



ovate. Costal margin nearly slraiglit ; outer margin rather deeply scalloped, with the portion 

 between the first and third branches of the median nervure somewliat prolonged ; anal ans^le 

 rounded. PrcccOstal mrvnre distinct from the base, throwing off a forked branch towards 

 the costa immediately before its junction with the costal nervure, which is considerably 

 arched ; subcostal nervure branched at not more than one-eighth of an inch from its base. Upper 

 disco-cellular nervule curved at its base, v^hich is at about the same distance from the base 

 of the branch of the subcostal nervure ; loT.oer disco-cellular slightly arched, closing the 

 short and narrow discoidal cell with an acute point, terminating at the base of the third 

 branch of the median nervure. Forelegs, of the male small, pectoral, very hairy ; tarsus about 

 half the length of the tibia, slender, cylindrical, simple, exarticulate. Of the Jemale small, 

 not much longer than those of the male, rather slender, scaly ; femur beneath with long 

 hairs ; tibia as long as the femur, with delicate setse on the outside ; tarsus nearly as long as 

 the tibia, slightly dilated towards the apex, with the articulations distinguished by slightly 

 elongated spines beneath ; the basal joint about three-fourths the length of the limb ; apex 

 destitute of claws. Middle and hindlegs, moderately long and strong, scaly, and very 

 much spined ; the middle tibia: with a patch of short incurved hairs on the underside near 

 the base ; spines on the underside of the tibiis forming two rows ; tibial spurs long ; tarsi 

 more numerously spined, especially at the sides, where the spines form longitudinal rows, 

 beneath with two rows of smaller spines, except on tlie terminal joint ; claios, large, 

 hooked, as long as the set?e at the extremity of the upperside of the last joint of the tarsus ; 

 paronychia with two divisions, the outer nearly as long as the claw, slightly curved, finely 

 setose ; inner lacinia shorter, obtuse ; pulvilliis broad, short." {Westivood, I.e.) 



Larva cylindrical, anal segment spined, the third to twelfth segments furnished with pairs 

 of long branched spines. Pupa smooth, boat-shaped, the head ending in two obtuse points. 



There are many peculiarities in the neuration of the genus Partkenos ; the subcostal nervure 

 of the forewing is bent downwards about the end of the cell and with its second branch encloses 

 a small triangular space ; the third and fourth subcostal nervules both branch from nearly 

 the same point, and the nervure itself is bent at the origin of the fourth branch ; the third 

 median nervule is highly angulatei. In the hindwing the praecostal nervure is of very 

 unusual form, being distinct from the base, and running some distance parallel with the 

 costal nervure to which it is joined, but before the point of junction throws off a Y-shaned 

 spur ; the third median nervule is angled in the hindwing also ; the discoidal cell is abnor- 

 mally small. In markings also it is peculiar in having several of the black bars at the base 

 of the wings on the upperside continued across the thorax and base of the abdomen. The 

 colouration of all the species is some shade of green or bronze with darker markings, and the 

 forewing furnished with a broad fascia of white semi-transparent spots and streaks. The 

 genus is of moderate extent, containing several closely-allied species which are found in 

 Eastern and Southern India, and Ceylon, the Andamans and Nicobars, the Malay Peninsula 

 and Islands to New Guinea. In all the species the sexes are alike. 



Sey to the Indian species of Farthenos. 



A. Upperside, ground-colour olivaceous green. 



439. P. GAMBRisius, N.-E. India, Upper Tenasserim, Malay peninsula, Andamans and 



Nicobars. 



B. Upperside, ground-colour light brassy green. 



440. P. viRKNS, South India. 



C. Upperside, ground-colour greyish-blue. 



441. P. CYANEUS, Ceylon. 



439. Parthenos gamlarisius, Fabridus. 



Papllio gamhrisius, Fabricius, Mant. Ins., vol. ii, p. 12, n. 113 (1787) ; idem, id., Ent. Sy.st., vol. Hi, pt. i, 

 p. 85, n. 264 (1793); Minetra gambrisius, Butler, Cat, Fab. Lep. B. M., p. loi (1S69). 



Habitat : Eastern Bengal, Assam, Sylhet, Cachar, Upper Tenasserim, South Andamans ; 

 Nicobars, Malay Peninsula {F. lilacinus only). 



Expanse; 37 to 47 inches. 



