NYMPIIALID.E, NYMPHALIN^. LIMENITIS. iS7 



b. Lower disco-cellular nervule of forewing convex, joining the median nervure far beyond 

 the point where the second median nervule is given off. 



a'. Upperside bright ferruginous, usually with a white spot at the extremity of the 

 cell of the forewing. 



452. L. (Modiiza) PROCRIS, India, Andamans, Malay Peninsula and Archi- 



pelago. 

 b.^ Upperside dark rufous-brown ; with no white spot in the cell of the forewing. 



453. L. {Moduza) CALIDOSA, Ceylon. 



The first species, L. austenia, was originally described as a Lebadea, but in the shape of 

 the cell of the forewing and the position of the prsecostal nervure of :he hindvving, also in the 

 outline of the forewing, it corresponds with Limenitis, thus lacking all the distinctive features of 

 Lebadea ; it differs from all species of Limenitis known to me by the outline of the hind wing, which 

 is angled at the extremity of the third median nervule, giving it a quadrate appearance, 

 by the position of the lower disco-cellular nervule in the hindvving, and by the curious 

 black saggittate markings defined with white on the forewing ; these characters are however 

 not sufficient to establish it as the type of a new genus, and failing that its proper place is 

 in Limenitis. 



445. Limenitis austenia, Moore. 



Leladea austenia, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1872, p. 560, pi. xxxii.fig. i. 



Habitat : Khasia Hills, Cachar. 



Expanse : 3*0 to 3"6 inches. 



Description : •' Male. Upperside, both wings dark chocolate-brown, with purple 

 reflections, crossed by a pale lunular band, extending from. the costa of the forewing beyond the 

 cell to hindwing above the anal angle ; exterior to this is a transverse series of pale-bordered 

 dark brown lunules, those on the forewing being most prominent and zigzag from the costa, 

 where they are white-bordered, and thence decreasing on to the hindwing ; space outside 

 these to exterior margin pale brown with a dark brown submarginal and marginal line ; cell 

 of forewing crossed by six, and that of hindvving by four, black streaks ; cilia white [black at 

 the ends of the veins]. Underside greyish brown, whitish grey at base, marked as above, 

 but having the outer band with all the lunules white-bordered, except the two lower ones 

 on both wings, which are nearly black. Palpi, legs and body beneath greyish white." 

 (Moore, 1. c.) The FEMALE does not differ in markings from the male, bat is rather larger, 

 and the wings a little broader. 



The Indian Museum, Calcutta, possesses a pair of this species taken by Colonel Godwin- 

 Austen at Sarathu in the Khasi Hills, and another pair taken by Mr. Wood-Mason on 

 Namotha, Cachar, in September. 



The next two species, though differing widely in outline and markings, differ from all the 

 remaining species in having the cell of the hindwing closed ; the lower disco cellular nervule 

 is atrophied and extremely slender, but it can be traced in both species ; they both moreover 

 have the pale discal band of the upperside in the male tinted throughout not pure white, it 

 being brown in L, danava and pale green in Z. daraxa ; in L. danava the sexes differ, the 

 band being pure white in the female ; of Z. daraxa the female is unknown. 



44^' Limenitis danava, Moore. 



L. danava, Moore, Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Lep. Mus, E. I. C, vol, i, p. 180, pi. via, fig. 2, male, 

 female (1857). 



Habitat : Himalayas, Assam. 



Expanse : 30 to 3*5 inches. 



Description : "Male. Upperside, dark ohve-brown from base to disc of forewing, and 

 from base to one-third of hindvving, the rest being pale olive-brown ; a transverse dark band 

 crossing the disc of forewing and middle of hindwing ; a dark submarginal wavy line and 

 two indistinct inner wavy lines crossing both wings ; some indistinct markings within the 



