NYMPIIALID^. NYMPIIALIN.'E. ATHYMA. m 



462. Atliyma opalina, Koilar. 



Li>.enit!s oPalina, KoUar, HugeVs Kaschmir, vol. iv, pt. a, p. 4^7. n . (1848) ; Atkyma "P^l^^f^f^^ 

 =ndMoore,Cat.Lep.Mus.E..I.C..vol.i,p.x7i.n. 35>. pl- v.. fig- ^ (i8S7); .d., Moore. Proc. Zool. Soc. 

 Lond., 1858, p. II, n. 2. 



Habitat : Himalayas. 

 Expanse : 2*25 to 290 inches. 



Description : Male. Upperside black with creamy-white markings. Foreiving ^^i\^ a 

 narrow streak and two spots at its outer end in the cell, a lengthened triangular spot beyond, 

 an oblique subapical series of three spots, (sometimes with one or two very fme streaks 

 below the costa above the upper spot), the upper one oval, the middle one I'near and about 

 twice as large, the lower one smallest; a discal series of four spots from the thud median 

 nervule to the inner margin, the two upper ones rounded and well separated, the two lower 

 somewhat quadrate and separated by the submedian nervure only. Two submargmal waved 

 pale lines, the inner one more distinct, especially towards the apex and mner angle. Htndiving 

 with a straight discal band from the costal to the submedian nervure divided only by 

 the veins, a submarginal series of lunules placed between the nervules from the first subcostal 

 nervule to the submedian nervure. A pale brown straight fine marginal Ime. Underside, 

 /.;-.«//»,- ferruginous, the area below the cell marked with black patches between the vems. 

 white markings much as above, the submarginal lines more distinct, a patch of violaceous 

 powdering about the middle of the outer margin. Hindzving also ferruginous, outwardly 

 more or less with violaceous powdering. A curved white streak from the base above the costa 

 nervure. the discal band as above but widening out below the costal nervure, the submarginal 

 series of lunules larger, the marginal line broader and violaceous, abdominal area 

 pale greenish. Cilia alternately black and white. Body black above, with an iridescent 

 bluish-white band at the base of the abdomen, below white. Female differs from the male 

 in the ground-colour on both sides being much paler, and all the tvhite markings considerably 



^'^^^" opalina is a very common species in the Western Himalayas at about 6,coo feet 

 elevation, becoming rarer towards the east; in Sikkim and Bhutan it is decidedly rare. 

 Specimens from the latter localities are larger and darker, with the white markings narrower 

 than examples from the North-West, and the violaceous powdering more restricted. 



463. Athyma kresna, Moore. 



A. ktesna, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1858, p. 12, n. 6, pl. 1, fig. 4, "^le (1S58); id.. Distant, Rhop. 

 Malay., p. i6i, n. 6, pl. xvi, fig. 3, male (1883), 



Habitat : Mergui Archipelago. Province Wellesley, Malacca, Sumatra, Borneo. 

 Expanse : 3", 2-o to 2*4 ; ? , 25 inches. 



Description: "Male. Upperside blackish-brown. Foreiving with discoidal streak 

 in three portions, the third portion largest and triangular ; an oblique transverse row of 

 three spots near the ape.^ ; a large spot in middle of disc, and two smaller spots on middle 

 of posterior margin, bluish- white ; a submarginal row of small ill-defined whitish spots. 

 Hindwlng with inner band and narrower outer row of spots, bluish-white ; a narrow marginal 

 line to both wings, light brown. Underside brown, with markings as above, but all less 

 defined, except the marginal line, which is whitish. Body with collar and band across 

 abdomen white. Allied to A. larymna, Doubleday. but distinguished by its smaller size 

 and white markings, the discoidal streak in that species being in four portions." 

 (Moore, 1. c.) In Mr. Distant's figure the discoidal streak is in four portions. 



••The female of this species is apparently a difficult insect to find, as all the specimens 

 which I collected in Province Wellesley, as those which I have since received from the 

 Peninsula, have been of the male sex. Both sexes, collected by Mr. Pryer in North Borneo, 

 are now in my collection, and the female differs in no essential respect from the male." 

 {Distant, 1. c.) 



