NYMPHALID.E. NYMPHALIN.E. ATIIYMA. 177 



The female of A. selenophora has the discoidal streak twice interrupted in the cell besides 

 the interruption at the end of the cell, in this respect resembling A. peritts, A. hirymim, 

 A.opalina, and ^. kresna, in all the remaining black and white species the discoidal streak 

 is entire or only once divided. From A. ptrius and A. larymna it may be distinguished 

 by the discoidal cell of the forewing being closed, further from A. penus it differs in wanting 

 the conspicuous series of black spots on the white submarginal band on the underside of the 

 hindwing, and from A. larymna by the absence of the violet suffusions on the border of the 

 underside. The points of distinction between it and A. opalina have been noted above. 

 From A. kresna it may be distinguished by the spot beyond the cell in continuation of the 

 discoidal streak being placed on and divided by the lower discoidal nervule, in A. kresna 

 this spot is in the interspace below, bounded by the third median nervule and undivided. The 

 markings of the underside closely resemble those of the male, the basal markings being 

 identical on both wings, but the series of diffused dark spots between the discal and submarginal 

 bands are much less prominent and more diffused. 



A. selenophora has a very wide range, Kollar described it from Masuri ; it is common in 

 Sikkim and eastwards to Upper Assam, and specimens were obtained by the Yunan Expedi- 

 tion. Mr. Rhodes-Morgan has also taken both sexes in the Wynaad. 



468. Athyma zoroca, Moore. 



A. zeroca, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1872, p. 564 ; id., de Nicdville, Jouni. A. S. B,. vol. lii, 

 pt. 2, p. 94 (1883). 



Habitat : Kumaon, Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam, Munipur, Khasi Hills, Upper Burma. 



Expanse : <? , ao to 2-8 ; $ , 2 '85 inches. 



Description: "Male. Upperside velvety blackish-brown; a broad median bluish- 

 white band crossing from middle of forewing to abdominal fold of hindwinir. Foreiving 

 with two, and in some specimens three, subapical oblique white spots ; both zoings with a 

 pale brown-bordered blackish marginal line. Underside brownish ferruginous; bluish- 

 white median band and subapical spots as above. Forewing with a straight bluish-white 

 discoidal streak, contiguous dentate spot, and marginal lunular lines ; a blackish spot near 

 base of hind margin. Hindiuing with a subbasal bluish-white streak, a submarginal and 

 a paler marginal line ; abdominal margin bluish-grey ; between the median band on both tvings 

 and submarginal line is a blackish maculated fascia. Allied to A. selenophotay (Aloote, 1. c.) 

 "Female. Differs from female A. selenophora in having all the white bands and spots 

 on the UPPERSIDE sordid instead of pure white; the /ore'oing has the apex more rounded, 

 the streak in the cell of the underside undivided, markings very much as in the male." 

 (^cle Niceville, I.e.) 



The underside of the female is very similar to that of the male, but in both this species 

 and A. selenophora the bands in the female are narrower, wider apart, less upright and more 

 distinctly macular. A. zeroca female may be distinguished from the black and white species 

 in which the discoidal streak in the cell is uninterrupted by the following characters : — From 

 A. asio-a by the absence of the series of black spots on the white submarginal band ; from 

 A. kamoa by the prolongation of the discoidal streak being along the lower discoidal nervule 

 and well-separated from the third median, in A. kanwa it fills the whole base of the inter- 

 space and continues along the third median nervule ; from A. jaina and A. pravara by having 

 a streak beyond the discoidal streak in prolongation, in A- jaina and in A. pravara there is 

 none ; these four moreover have the cell of the forewing open, while in A. zeroca it is closed ; 

 from A. abiasa it is distinguished by the uniform width of the discoidal streak and spot in 

 continuation, in A. abiasa the streak is very short and narrow, and the large and round spot 

 beyond is within the cell not beyond it ; from A. sidpitia it differs in wanting the black spots of 

 the underside, and from all these it differs in having all the white bands of the upperside 

 more or less suffused with brown. 



Males of A. zeroca are not uncommon at low elevations in Sikkim, but the female (as also 

 that sex of A. selenophora') is much less often met with. Females of both these species are 

 wonderful mimics (?) of A, opalina, which belongs to the first section of the genus, and 



2; 



