178 NYMPH ALID/E, NYMPIIALIN/E. ATllYMA. 



may possess some protective qualities not possessed by species of the second section. A. 

 zeroca occurs eastwards in the Assam Valley as far as Sibsagar, and was obtained by the 

 Yunan Expedition. 



A. iirvasi, Felder, described from Malacca, is a remarkable species ; colouration black 

 and white, the latter predominating. The description is appended.* It is probably an ex- 

 traordinary aberration or " sport" of some species unknown. 



469- Athyma cama, Mowe. 



A. camit, Moore, Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Lep. Mus. E. I. C, vol. i, p. 174, n. 357, pf. vrt, fig. 5, malt 

 and female (1857) ; id., Moore, Proc. Zocl. Soc. Lond., 1858, p. 14, it. ii'. 



Habitat : Kumaon, Nepal, Sikkim, Assam, Upper Burma. 



Expanse: $ , 2-3 to 3-0 ; $, 30 to 3-4 inches. 



Description : " Male. Uppersidk velvety-black. Fomving with brown marginal 

 and submarginal lines ; discoidal streak indistinct ferruginous, and dusted over with black ; 

 near the apex a ferruginous spot ; two [sometimes three] oblique spots from subcostal nervure 

 on one-third of the wing from the apex, and a band of three spots from middle of wing to 

 posterior margin, joining a band across hindtuing, white, bordered with blue ; on the hind- 

 wing also a marginal and submarginal brown line. Body black, with a broad white band 

 across base of abdomen. Underside pale ferruginous ; markings purplish-white ; the 

 curved band as above. Forewing with a long broad irregular discoidal streak, submarginal 

 and indistinct marginal lines ; a black patch near the base of wing and posterior angle. Hind- 

 7vitig with a curved line near the base of wing, and a rather broad outer band ; a marginal 

 row of marks ; some patches of brown between outer and inner bands. Body and abdominal 

 margin broadly grey. Female. Upperside black ; markings ferruginous, Foreiving \^\\.\i 

 a long discoidal streak ; an oblique band from anterior to near middle of exterior margin, 

 and nearly joining a band running to middle of posterior margin ; a marginal and submar- 

 ginal brown line, the latter ferruginous anteriorly and posteriorly. Hindimtg with a broad 

 inner and narrower outer band ; also a marginal brown line. Body black, with a white band 

 across base of abdomen, and bounded below with ferruginous ; also a pale white collar. 

 Underside ferruginous ; markings as in male, but pinky-white, except marginal and sub- 

 marginal lines, which are purplish-white. The male of Athyma cama may at once be known 

 from that sex of A. seknophora in having on the upperside a ferruginous spot close to the 

 apex, and the band on the forewing being composed of three spots." {Moore, 1. c.) 



The female of A. cama differs from all the orange-banded females of the following species 

 by having the discoidal streak entire and uninterrupted to some distance beyond the cell, 

 its upper edge is irregular but not distinctly dentated, the bauds of the underside are white 

 and are all tinted more or less with violet, and the outer edge of the discal band is straight 

 (in the following species it is crenate), the general style of markings of the underside closely 

 resemble those of the male. 



A. cama is a common species occurring from Kumaon to Upper Assam. Specimens were 

 also obtained in Upper Burma by the Yunan Expedition. 



In the next group the males have the discoidal streak (when present), and also the sub- 

 marginal band of both wings either white or orange, not brown. The females of all are 

 black with orange markings, except of A, amhara, in which the female is marked and coloured 

 as the male. 



The females of all the remaining species but the last are very closely allied, and in all those 

 of which I have sufficient specimens to decide the point considerable variation is exhibited ; 



*^Mj;«(i «>T'rti/, Felder, Wien. Ent. Monatsch., vol. iv, p. 400, n. 22 (i860); idem, id., Reise Novara, 

 Lep., vol. Ill, p. 429, n. 683, pi. Ivi, fig. 4 (1866); id.. Distant, Rhop. Malay., p. 164, n. 10, pi. xvi fig. 12 (1883). 

 Habitat : Malacca Interior. Expansr : 2-1 inches. Description : ■' Male, upperside black, underside 

 brown, both sides with a white submarginal macular band on both wings. ForeiiLnng with a white clavate 

 cellular streak coalescing with a broad white discal sinuate band, hindunng \\\\.\i 2, basal band, white. A very 

 distinct species unlike all its allies." {Felder, 1. c. in Wien. Enc. Monatsch.) 



'I This beautiful species constitutes a peculiar group, characterized by the shorter palpi, by having the lower 

 discoid.il nervule of the forewing distinctly bent downwards before the middle, and also by the slighter curvature 

 of the median uervure of the forewing." (Felder, 1. c, in Reise Novara ) 



