196 NYMPIIALID^. NYMPHALINyE. EUTHALIA. 



Description .- " Male. Uppf.rside olive-brown, with a row of small yellow spots 

 crossing the middle of both ivings, each spot being encircled with black ; discoidal marks on 

 /«7;r7w«o black, inner mark bounded on each side by a yellow dot ; an indistinct submarginal 

 row of blackish spots. Underside pale whitish-green, row of spots indistinct ; discoidal 

 marks and submarginal row of spots blackish." (^Moore, 1. c.) 



Upperside with a small reniform black spot in the middle of the cell touching the 

 subcostal nervure, with two very small yellow marks one on each side, a much larger irregular 

 black mark enclosing the disco-cellulars. Two small subcostal yellow spots ; four small discal 

 ones surrounded with suffused blackish, the one in the second median interspace half 

 the size of the one in the interspace below, two spots in the submedian interspace, the upper 

 one minute. Hindwin^ with an arched discal series of eight yellow spots, the three upper 

 ones conjoined, large and irregularly shaped, the others round and much smaller, the upper 

 one the smallest, all these spots diffusedly surrounded with black. 



Dr. Anderson obtained two male specimens of this species in the Mergui Archipelago in 

 the cold weather, and there is one specimen from Perak in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. 



The next four species have the outer margin of the forewing nearly straight, very slightly 

 concave ; the apex is neither truncate nor rounded, but bluntly pointed, and the hindwing is 

 broadly rounded. They all have a pale discal macular band on the forewing from the middle 

 of the costa towards the anal angle ; and also some pale spots near the middle of the 

 costa of the hindwing, which distinguish them at a glance from the females of the second 

 group, many of which have the oblique band on the forewing. All the species are large, 

 and have the ground-colour dull green ; the cilia are white between the ends of the nervules. 



490. Eutlialia patala, Kollar. 



Adolias paiala, Kollar. Hugel's Kaschmir, vol. iv, pt. ii, p. 435, n. i (1S44) ; EuihaUa. />ntala, Moore, Proc. 

 Zool. Soc. Lond. 1882, p. 239 ; Adolias doubledayii. Gray, Lep. Ins. Nepal, p. 13, pi. xiii (1846) \AdoUas epiona, 

 Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., new series, vol. v, p. 79, n. 37 (1859); id., Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 

 1868, p. 602, n. 16. 



Habitat : Himalayas, from Chumba to Nepal, 

 Expanse : 37 to 4*5 inches. 



Description : " Wings olive-green, with black [marks] in the costal nervure [discoidal 

 cell]. Forrwing with a spotted white band across the middle, from the middle of the anterior 

 margin towards the posterior angle, and two white spots near the summit [apex]. Hindwing 

 with three spots in the middle of the anterior margin. Underside like the upper, but of a 

 cinereous colour." (Gray, 1. c.) 



*' Upperside, ^^//i zOTw^j pale olive-green, with two obscure darker narrow lines cross- 

 ing the disc. Forezving with oblique row of yellowish-white spots from middle of costal margin 

 to beyond middle of the wing, opposite posterior angle ; also two smaller spots on costal margin 

 near the apex. Hindiuing with two [or three] yellowish-white spots on costal margin nearer the 

 angle. Blackish marks at the base of i5^//i 7«/«^j. Underside pale yellowish-green. Forewing 

 with oblique row of spots as above, but less defined, and having two additional very small spots 

 on the lower part of the disc [often absent] ; on the hijtdzoing the spots extend by the 

 addition of small ones to the middle of the wing. Sexes alike." (Moore, 1. c. in Trans. Ent. 

 Soc. Lond.) 



Colonel Lang writes of this species as follows *:—" Frequents oak-forests at altitudes 

 of 6,000 to 8,000 feet in the Himalaya during the rainy season (July and August). 

 It flies very swiftly over the tops of the trees with a skimming flight like a swallow. Two or 

 three may be seen chasing one another in and out of the shade among the branches of the 

 trees. They pitch abruptly, often with expanded wings, basking in the sun-light, until some 

 passing insect, another Adolias or a A^ic/Zw floating near, tempts the quarrelsome species to dash 

 off buffet the passer-by, and after a rapid skim, pitch once more, suddenly, near its former 



* Eiit. Mouth. Mag., vol. i, p. i8i (1864-65), 



