NYMPHALID^. NYMPHALINiE. EUTHALIA. 219 



described as male and female of A. sancara, two female specimens. At the end of his mono- 

 graph he gives the Papilio hesperus of Fabricius as an Adolias, in which course he is followed 

 by Butler in 1868, who gives phemius as a synonym of that species, but in the following 

 year places hesperus in the genus Aierica as a synonym of dcsdalits, which is an African 

 species.* 



E. phemius is somewhat rare in Sikkim, but I have taken both sexes at low elevations 

 in October. To the eastwards it occurs as far as Sibsagar, but seems to be nowhere common. 



A species of EuthaUa has been described under the name of E. mahadeva, which appa- 

 rently is allied to E, phemius, but it lacks the fine white discal streaks of the forewing. The 

 locality of the species is unknown ; the description is appended for reference.t 



The next species E. jama has in both sexes the fine white discal streaks on the forewing 

 which characterise the male only of E. phemius ; the female has no other white discal mark- 

 ings besides these. In both sexes the dark band which outwardly bounds the pale discal 

 area of the forewing is continuous with the band which inwardly defines that area on the 

 hindwing, forming a continuous nearly straight dark band from near the apex of the forewing 

 to the middle of the abdominal margin of the hindwing as in the females of E. satropaces 

 and E. telchinia ; the underside is very similar to that of E. garuda in both sexes. 



516. Eutlxalia jama, Feider. 



Adolias jama, Feider, Reise Novara, Lep., vol. iii, p. 4:?i, n. 690 fi866) ; id., Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. 

 I.ond,, 1868, p. 604, n. 30; idem, id., Trans. Linn. Soc, Zoology, second series, vol. i, p. 539, n. 3 (1877) ; 

 EuthaUa al/>heda, \a.r. jaina, Kirby, Syn. Cat. DIurn. Lep., p. 254 (1871). 



Habitat : N. India, Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam, Naga Hills, Cachar, Malacca interior, Banca. 



Expanse : ^, 26 to 2-8 ; ? , 3*1 to 3*6 inches. 



Description': "Malr. Upperside as in A. [=.£"•] alpheda, but much less bronze 

 tinted. Forewing with the fascise narrower, near the interior a whitish patch almost as in 

 .<4. /5//f;«/«f of longitudinal spots, strongly divided on the folds, bifurcate towards the costa, 

 more or less squeezed out, with a whitish apical powdery spot. Hindwing with the discal 

 fascia broader than in A. alpheda. Underside as in the species mentioned, but yellowish- 

 brown, much paler at the base, the patch of the forewing very distinct. Female. Upper- 

 SIDE darker than in A, alpheda. Fore'wing with the discal fascia narrower, not at all 

 powdered with white, nevertheless having the whitish bifid patch very distinct. Hindwing 

 with the discal fascia broader, the drawn back [lunulated] streak more distant from the margin. 

 Underside as in the male, but much more brightly coloured." 



*' A local form of the Javan A. alpheda, Godart." {Pelder, 1. c.) 



E.jama is a very distinct species, the male resembling E. garuda in general appearance, 

 but the upperside has a black discal band crossing both wings almost in a straight line, 

 commencing near the apex of the forewing (against which is pluced outwardly a pale diffused 

 patch) continued to the middle of the abdominal fold of the hindwing, widest on the inner 

 margin of the forewing ; with a series of elongated white fine lines placed in pairs between 

 the nervules on the disc, the two lo.vest in the upper median interspace very short, the next pair 

 longer, the pair above longer still, but the upper one broken near its end, the pair above 

 that in the subcostal interspace entirely and widely divided leaving only two very short 

 lines within and two dots outwardly, the latter with a single dot in the interspace above. 



* Cat. Fab. Lep. B. M., p. 91, n. 6. 



t EuthaUa mahadeva. Adolias mahadeiia, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., new series, vol. v, p. 68, n. 11, 

 pi. iv, fig. I, male C1859) ; id., Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1868, p. 605, n. 36. Habitat; Unknown. 

 Expanse: Male, I'yj inches. Description: "Male. Ufphrside dark dusky brown, smeared with purple on 

 exterior margin of forewing. Hindwing with a broad band to exterior margin, whitish anteriorly, bluish 

 posteriorly, with a medial longitudinal row of smail dusky spots. Underside light brown, exterior margms 

 greyish ; discoidal marks and submarginal row of indistinct spots blackish." (Mocte, 1. c.) 



" Seems to come near E, saliit and E. icsaz'a." {Biillcr, 1. c.) 



This is apparently a very distinct species, which in outline and general appearance seems to be nearest to 

 E. phemius. From the figure the forewing is pale at the base, there is a large oval pale patch enclosing the 

 disco-cellulars, with a simil.ir patch bevond. The outer margin also pale, broad at the anal angle, narrowing 

 to the apex. NutUing is known gf it since the type was described, 



