NYMPHALIDiTl, NYMPHALIN^. CHARAXES. 271 



All the Indian species of Charaxes possess a peculiar character in the neuration of the 

 forewing as pointed out by Professor Westwood, the fourth subcostal nervule arises close 

 to the discoidal cell, being thereby of extraordinary length, and is bent downwards towards the 

 tip of the wing. All the species possess tails on the hindwing placed at the ends of the 

 first and third median nervules, in some species they are both long and narrow, in others the 

 outer tail is shorter and broader, and the inner one obsolete, and there are integrades 

 between these extreme forms. In some species the discoidal cell of the hindwing is closed, in 

 others it is open. Mr. Moore has lately split up the genus into three genera which embrace 

 most, if not all, of the species occurring iu India. The larvae certainly present two types, in 

 the one the sides are marked with oblique stripes, in the other there is a large round spot in 

 the middle of the back, with three smaller ones on the sides ; in the European species 

 (Charaxes jasiiis) there are two spots on the middle of the sixth and eighth segments, and 

 none at the sides : the horns on the head are very short in this species. The pupa in the 

 former is much more obtuse anteriorly than in the latter. The genus is very well represented 

 in India, twenty-nine species having been recorded from within our limits, but many of them 

 appear to be varietal forms only. They attain their largest size, and greatest number of 

 species as well as of individuals in the north-east of our empire, but especially in the hot low 

 valleys of Sikkim and Assam. 



I have for convenience divided the genus into two groups, the first of which has the 

 discoidal cell of the hindwing open, and embraces the species separated by Mr. Moore under 

 the generic name Eulepis* The second group has the discoidal cell of the hindwing closed, 

 and embraces the typical Charaxes and Mr. Moore's genus Haridra. 



In the first group, both the tails of the hindwing are narrow and elongate. The ground- 

 colour of the upperside is in some of the species very pale straw-coloured, the outer margin 

 more or less broadly marked with black, and in others the ground-colour is deep indigo-blue, 

 with a broad median band white or pale green across both wings, with one or more spots in 

 continuation towards the apex of the forewing. The underside is opalescent whitish with 

 the border as above but much paler, and with other markings differing in the various 

 species. 



Zey to the Indian species of Charazes. 



First group, 



A. Discoidal cell of hindwing open. 



a. Ground-colour of upperside yellowish-white ; the apex and outer border of forewing black. 



a'. Forewing on upperside with one or two spots on the black border near apex, sometimes 

 unmarked. 



564. C. {Ejilepis) DELPHis, N.-E. India, Upper Tenasserim, Malayana. 

 b^, Forewing on upperside with a single series of six or seven spots on the black border. 



565. C. (Eulepis) DOLON, Kulu, Sikkim. 



c'. Forewing on upperside with three series of spots on the black border, inner series con- 

 sisting of two spots only. 



566. C. (Eitlepis) EUDAMIPPUS, N.-E. India, Upper Tenasserim. 



b. Ground-colour of upperside deep indigo-blue, with a greenish-white or white band across both 



wings, often very broad. 



o*. Discal band on upperside white, outwardly and posteriorly broadly margined on both 

 \ wings with pale blue. 



567. C. (Eulepis) scHREiBERi, Assam, South India, Malayana. 

 i', Discal band on upperside not margined with pale blue. 



a^. Discal band greenish yellow, 



568. C. (Eulepis) ATHAMAS, India, Ceylon, Malay Peninsula, Java, 



China. 

 b^, Discal band white tinged with very pale greenish. 



569. C, [Eulepis) ARJA, N.-E India, Upper Tenasserim. 



* Genus Eulepis, Moore. "Wings similar in form to Charaxes ; veins of forewing also similar: 

 HINDWING with the second subcostal and discoidal «t>T'«/fi nearer the first subcostal nervule ; rf/iCtf/V/t'/ <•<•// 

 open; ufifier and middle median novulcs further from lower median oervule ; internal nervure loDgtt." 

 (.iJoore, 1. c.) 



