NYMPHALID/E. NYMPHALIN.E. CIIARAXES. 283 



from Java], Foreioins; with the subcostal spots placed as in that species, but very distinct ; the 

 external border broader, inwardly well-defined as far as the internal fold, inwardly divided 

 by a bent streak of six increasing spots of the ground-colour (the three lower lunulate). 

 Hindioing as in C marntax, sometimes the spots blind, sometimes the apical patch extending 

 as far as the margin. Underside almost as in C. maimax, [Westwood], but not at all varied 

 with ochraceous, rufescent. Hiuihoitig with the fascia ferruginous as in C. harmodius, but 

 inwardly more or less ochraceous-brown." 



" Shape of the wings as in C. marmax, Westwood, the hindwing as shallowly toothed 

 as in C. ha/fnodius, Felder, the external tooth of tail however very short." {Felder, I. c.) 



" I think that this may be distinct from C ma' max ; the latter, however, appears to be a 

 variable species, and is represented by two very different-looking forms in Sylhet. C. 

 aristcgiton is in the collection of Captain Lang, who also has both forms of C, mannax, all 

 from Sikkini." {Butler, 1. c.) 



C. aristcgilon has the black border broader, especially at the apex, and the series of 

 fulvous spots which it bears always terminates below the fifth subcostal nervule, often below the 

 upper discoidal nervule. The underside too is very distinct from that of both the foregoing 

 species being ferruginous not fulvous or buff, glossed with pale shining purple throughout, except 

 on the ferruginous band and extreme outer margin. All the specimens in the Indian Museum, 

 Calcutta, are from Sikkim. The female is unknown. Captain C. T. Bingham has sent two 

 males of this species from Upper Tenasserim, one taken in the Donat range in January, the 

 other in the Lower Thoungyeen forests in May. These specimens differ from Sikkim examples 

 in having the marginal black spots on the hindwing smaller, very small in one. 



574- Cliarases desa, Moore. 

 C. desa, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lend., 1S78, p. 832. 

 Habitat : Upper Tenasserim, Moolai, 3,000 to 6,000 feet. 

 Expanse : ^, 3'S inches. 



Description : " Allied to C. marmax. Male differs from C. marmax \\\ the following 

 particulars. Upperside. Foreioing has the marginal black band broader and extending 

 at the apex further along the costa ; the inner submarginal lunular line is closer to the band. 

 Hindwing, the bUick maculated band is formed of larger angled spots. Underside, purplish 

 ochreous. Hind-wing with a transverse black lunular fascia, which is also further from the 

 outer margin." (^Moore, 1. c.) 



I have never seen this species ; it is apparently more closely allied to C. aristogiton than 

 to C. marmax, judging from the colour of the underside, and the characters noted above are 

 precisely those which distinguish C, aristogiton from C. marmax. The true C. aristogiton 

 occurs in the same locality, but Mr. Moore makes no mention of it in describing C. desa, and I 

 cannot discover any character on which they can be separated. 



575. Oliarazes liemana, Butler. 



C. hemana, Butler, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1S70, p, 122, pi. iv, fig. i, rnale; id., Doherty, Journ. A. S. B., 

 vol. Iv, pt. 2, p. 124, n. 97 (1886). 



Habitat : Nepal, Kumaon. 

 Expanse : 3"58 inches. 



DESCRipnoN: "Male. Allied to C. aristogiton, Felder. Upperside, [(5i?//i tc/«^^] 

 paler. \Forewing\ with a duplex litura at the upper angle of the cell and a four-lunate 

 virgula limiting the basal area, the ground beyond it narrowly paler [it is uniformly coloured 

 in the figure], the external border as in C. harpax, [Felder], but the margin irrorated with 

 fulvous, and the lunular stria more distinct almost as in C. aristogiton. Hindioing with a 

 three-lunate virgula limiting the basal area, the area beyond the middle as in C. i>ernariijiS, 

 [Cramer], paler ; otherwise as in C, aristogiton. Underside as in C, corax, [Felder]," 



