2S6 NYMPHALID.Ii. NYMPHALIN.^. CITARAXES, 



The typical species C. baya has normally the six black bonier spots of the liiiidwing 

 centred with white : we have not a single specimen with this feature fully developed, but 

 it is partially so in all specimens of this group common in North-East India, of which one 

 specimen without locality, now in the Indian Museum, Calcutta, was received from the old East 

 India Museum labelled as C. hava. It appears to have the black border of the forewing on 

 the upperside unbroken by spots of the ground-colour towards the anal angle ; the underside 

 is variable, but very similar to that of C. aristogiton. It is stated to occur in North-East 

 India, appearing again in Java and Borneo. The type is given as from Java, and I doubt its 

 occurrence in India, 



C. watti is recorded from Upper Assam, but I have never seen a specimen. To judge 

 from Mr. Butler's figure of it, it is allied to C. hierax both on account of the clay-yellowish 

 ground-colour of the underside, and by the disc of the forewing on the upperside being 

 suffused with paler yellow near the black border. This species also has no spots on the outer 

 black border of the forewing on the upperside, which appears to be exactly as in C. baya ; the 

 hindwing has a rather small black patch at the apex ending in the middle of the suI)costal 

 interspace, then four oval small black spots placed between the veins, and a duplex spot at 

 the anal angle bearing two small white dots. 



C. corax is described as having the black border of the forewing divided by three 

 increasing spots of the ground-colour towards the anal angle. It has the spots on the hindwing 

 blind except the anal one as in C. zvatti. Mr. Butler says that these spots are as large as in 

 C. imna, but this is not quite correct according to my identification of C. corax, nor accord- 

 ing to Felder's description, though they are variable in size. 



C. harpax is the Malayan form of C, baya, and has the underside much paler than in 

 C. cot ax. The outer black border of the forewing in C, harpax is said to be as in 

 C. corax, but in the apical region more broadly blackish-fuscous. The spots on the hindwing 

 are small, well-separated, and more or less centred with white. 



C. agfia, which occurs with C. harpax in Upper Tenasserim, is more closely allied to 

 C. baya, but has the black spots of the hindwing much smaller, more often blind, and the 

 underside more uniform in tone, with the markings less prominent but similarly coloured. 



578. Charases "baya, Moore. 



Nymphalis baya, Moore, Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Lep. Mus. E. I. C, vol. i, p, 207, n. 424, pi. xii, fig. 14, 

 la>^>a; 14a, ptipa (1857); Charaxes baya, Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Loud., 186s, p. 636,11. 53, pi. xxxvii, 

 fig. 5, male. 



Habitat : ? North India, Java, Borneo. 



Expanse : $ , 275 inches ; ? , rather more than three inches. 



Description: "Male. Allied to N. [=6'.] psaphon, Westwood, from Ceylon, but 

 differs in having the black exterior border of ihc forewing much narrower, it not extending to 

 the middle of the posterior margin, as in that species, but is confined to the angle. On the 

 hiitiiivtug, the apical patch is also smaller, and continued in a series of six white-centred spots 

 to anal angle; a small blackish spot at extremity of the discoidal cell. Underside glossy 

 greenish buffy-brown. [Mr. Butler says (Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1865, p. 637) th.it C. psaphon 

 and C. baya " exactly agree in the markings of the underside."] Female paler above. Fore- 

 going with a broad medial yellowish band ; a small round yellowish spot near the apex ; a patch 

 of black at extremity of discoidal cell, and narrow zigzag line bordering the black band. Hind- 

 wing with the medial upper portion of disc yellowish ; submarginal row of spots clearly 

 defined, and all centred with clear white. Underside more variegated than in the male, 

 and much paler. Tails two, short in the male ; both long in the female." [Moore, 1. c.) 



Larva widest in the middle of the body, tapering rapidly towards the anal segment 

 which ends in two short processes or tails, tapering more gradually towards the head. Colour- 

 ation rich green above, underneath and legs yellow ; a large pink spot on the middle of the 

 back mottled with white, surrounded with a white, then an outer black line ; three similar 

 subdorsal but much smaller spots on each side ; the head encircled by a mottled pink line, 



