FAMILY 2.— LEM01T11D.SS. 



Lanonlidc, Kirby, Cat. Diurn. Lep., p. 282 (1871) ; id., Moore, Lep. Cey., vol. i, p. 67 {.%Uy, ErycMd<B, 

 Swainson. Phil. Mag., second series, vol. i, p. 187 (1837) ; id.. Westwood. Gen Diurn. Lep. yo . u, p. 41S 

 (1851); id.. Bates, Journ. Ent., vol. i, p. 220 (1861) ; idem, id., 1. c, vol. u, p. 176 (1864); id.. Distant, Rhop. 

 Malay., p. 185 (1883) ; Erycinina, Snellin, Lep. v. Midden-Sumatra, p. 20 (1880). 



"Forelegs small, slender, imperfect [in the males], but more developed than in the 

 Nymphalidcv ; those of the males brush-like and clothed with long hairs, the tarsus without 

 claws • of the females longer, slender, scaly, tarsus with the joints longer and more d.stmct 

 than in the Nymphalidce. FoREWiNG, subcostal nervure generally with only three branches, 

 the disco-cellulars very slender. All of small size." W^rshall and de Niceville, Butt, of 



India, vol. i, p. 18.) ,, , . ,r 1- r- > ■■ 



The family Lemoniid.e contains four subfamilies, LibytheBinee, NemeohnmT, Eusclasnuce, 

 nnd Lemo^tiince ; the first embracing but a single genus, the second about fourteen genera, the 

 greater portion of which are American, the two last subfamilies are wholly American. The 

 forelegs in the males are imperfect, the tarsi in the Lll>yl/uvi,:c consisting of a single joint end- 

 ing in a spine, in the /Vemeolni>!^ the forelegs of the males are less hairy, the tarsi consisting of 

 two or three joints. Tlie forelegs of the females are perfect, the tarsi composed of five joints 

 eiulincr in two claws. The forewing in the Libyl/uein.^ and in all the Oriental genera of the 

 M'>;u^l>ume has four branches to the subcostal nervure excluding the terminal portion, in several 

 genera of the new world Nemeoliina this feature also obtains, but in the majority of them there 

 are three branches only. Throughout the Indian genera of the family the first and second 

 subcostal nervules of the forewing are emitted before the termination of the cell, and the discoidal 

 cells are always closed. All the butterflies appertaining to this family are of small size, though 

 averaging considerably larger than most of the species of the next family Lycmnidm. The 

 family occurs throughout both worlds, but is not represented in Australasia. 



Suljfamily I.-LlBYTH^IlT,a:, Bates. (Plate XXIV). 



LibytluBince, Bates, Journ. Ent., vol. i, p. 220 (186.) ; idem, id., 1. c , vol. ii, p. 176 (1S64) ; id., Moore, Lep. 

 Cey., vol. i, p. 67 (i88i) ; LibytheidcB, Westwood, Gen. Diurn. Lep., voK 11, p. 412 ("SsD. 



" Body, robust, small ; palpi, extraordinarily elongated, densely clothed with short hairs, 

 porrected horizontally ; antenna, short, gradually incrassated from the base to the tip. Fore- 

 wing stroncrly angulated below the apex ; dhcoidal cell of both wings closed by a very slender 

 nervuie. Forelegs, shoit, those of the male brush-like, with exarticulate tarsi : of the 

 female with ordinary-formed tarsi." 



"Larva cylindrical, not spined, slightly pubescent. Pupa short, not angulated, sus- 

 pended by the tail." {IFesliaood, 1. c.) 



This subfamily contains but a single genus, Libythea. Mr. Wallace states regarding it 

 that "this small group is of world-wide distribution, and like all such is a frequenter of open 

 grounds, plains, river-banks and sea-shores rather than of the virgin forest. The species are 

 all small, and in the activity of their motions resemble the lesser Aymphalincs." (Trans. 

 Ent. Soc'. Lond., 1869, p. 334). In India I have almost exclusively found them near water, 

 Major Marshall 'informs mc that he has more usually seen them in forest glades. 



