302 LEMONIID/E. LIBYTILEIN/E. LIBYTHEA. 



592. LilDytliea myrrlia, Godart. 



L. tnyrrha, Godart, Enc. Mdth,, vol. ix, p. 171, n. 4 (1819) ; id., Boisduval, Sp, Gen., vol. i, pi. x, fig. 8 

 (1836); id.. Gray, Lep. Ins. Nepal, p. 15, pi. xii, fig. 4 (1846); id., Wallace, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1869, 

 p. 335, n. i; id., Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1878, p. 832; id., Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lend., 1885, 

 p. 130, n. 44 ; Hecaerge myttha, Hiibner, Zutrage Ex. Schmett., figs. 789, 790 (1832). 



Habitat : Himalayas, Assam, Upper Tenasserim, Java, Borneo. 



Expanse : 2'0 to 2'2 inches. 



Description : Male. Upperside, bothivitigs(\eQ^ vinous-brown, almost black, with tawny 

 markings. Fore-oing with a streak commencing narrowly at the base of the wing, occupying 

 the lower half of the discoidal cell and upper half of the submedian interspace, extending 

 beyond the cell to near the outer margin of the wing and occupying the entire width of the 

 first median interspace and the lower portion of the interspace above ; the streak outwardly 

 broadly rounded and widest at the end of the cell : two subapical somewhat whitish spots placed 

 obliquely, sometimes quite separated, sometimes joined into a band, each spot sometimes almost 

 divided into two by the veins, sometimes with a small diffused whitish spot at the extreme apex of 

 the wing. Hi?idiomg with a broad discal band wide and diffused at the abdominal margin, else- 

 where well defined, and gradually narrowing towards the apex of the wing which it does not 

 quite reach, its apical extremity curved and deflected towards the outer margin. Underside, 

 much paler. Forezoing with the tawny markings as above but paler, the discal streak wider, 

 occupying almost the entire basal area of the cell, the apex inorated with purplish. Hindwing 

 with no tawny discal band, except as far as visible by transparency, irrorated throughout with 

 purplish, which assumes the form of a more or less distinct band across the disc, and another 

 from the middle of the costa to the middle of the cell, the whole wing thickly striated with dark 

 brown. Female, paler throughout, the tawny markings larger. Cilia throughout ochreous- 

 brown ; anlenucr, palpi, and body vinous-brown above, paler below. 



Mr. Wallace states {!■ c.) that L. myrrha " varies much in the width of the bands and 

 the size of the spots ; specimens from Ceylon [since described as a distinct speciesj and South 

 India have these very much reduced and paler, the apical spots being nearly white ; speci- 

 mens from Borneo have the wings somewhat less falcate, and less dentate behind." Some 

 specimens from South India (Ootacamund, Cannanore and the Wynaad) are quite intermediate 

 between this species and typical Z. rajiia from Ceylon, other specimens from Ootacamund, the 

 Pulni Hills and Travancore, are typical Z, ra7na. In the outer Himalayas Z. f?iynha is rare 

 in the west, but much commoner to the east, generally frequenting streams, and often 

 settling (as does also Z. lepita') at the end of a dead stick with folded wings, in which 

 position it exactly resembles a dead leaf. It is a common species in Upper Tenasserim, 

 Mr. Moore recording it from " Moulmein to Meetan, Hatsiega." A specimen in my collection 

 from Sumatra hardly differs from typical Indian ones, the markings being ferruginous rather 

 than ochreous only, and a little narrower. 



593- LiTjytliea rama, Moore. 



L. rama, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Load., 1872, p. 556; idem, id., Lep. Cey., vol. i, p. 68, pi. xxxiii, figs. 

 1,2a (1881). 



Habitat : South India, Ceylon. 



Expanse : I'Ss to 2-15 inches. 



Description: " Differs from Z. myirha in being somewhat smaller, ihe Jorezviiig less 

 falcated below the apex, the upperside having the discoidal streak and continuous spot 

 very narrow, and the two sets of subapical spots widely separated and ferruginous-white ; 

 the streak on the hindwing very narrow, short, and placed in the middle of the wing." 

 {Moore, 1. c. in Proc, Zool. Soc. Lond.) 



Typical specimens from Ceylon, Travancore, the Anamalai and Pulni Hills, and some speci- 

 mens from Ootacamund arc quite distinct from Z. myrrha, but other specimens from Ootacamund, 

 Cannanore and the Wynaad arc quite intermediate ; Z. laiiia appears to be constant in 



