LEMONIID.E. NEMEOBIIN.E. ZEMEROS. 307 



to those in the other Indian gcne.a, beu,g almost at .ight angles to the subcostal -^ '-j^- 

 nervures. They are also more brilliantly coloured on the uppe.s.de than any o^ ''- ^^^^^ 

 Indian species of the subfamily. In the other three In<lian genera, Sof>o^r,s, TaxUa, and 

 Abisara, lean find no constant structural feature by which to separate them. Snboges \.^s 

 the lower disco-cellular nervule of the hindwing much longer than the upper, but so also have 

 several species of Abisara, but the colouration of the former is very different, the ground-colour 

 being pure semi-transparent white, with a broad outer fuscous border, which extends along the 

 costa of the forewing. Taxila can also be easily distinguished by its colouration and marking . 

 the upperside in the male is almost uniformly coloured, being dark plum blackish or dark 

 purplish-brown, the underside bright reddish-brown, with numerous brilliant bluish-s.lvery spots 

 inwardly defined with black. The outer margin of the wings of tlie species of faxda and of 

 Stibogesxs nearly even and entire, being slightly scalloped, the hindwing in TTm/^ shows a 

 more or less pronounced tendency to a quadrate outline, in -S-//7...^.'. it is regularly convex. The 

 last genus. Abisara, has the lower half of the outer margin of the hindwing produced between 

 the third median nervule and the anal angle ; it contains two groups, the first group, which may 

 be divided into two subgroups, has the disco-cellular nervules of the hindwing of unequal 

 length, the upper one being much the shorter, the first subgroup {A. fylhi) h^ the 

 colouration deep brown, with an oblique pale band across the forewing. the hindwing less 

 produced between the second and third median nervules ; the second subgroup {A. neophron 

 and allied species) also has the oblique pale band across the forewing, the colouration is brown 

 or black, the produced portion of the hindwing terminating in a long tail between the 

 second and third median nervules ; the second group {A. echerius and allies) has the disco- 

 cellular nervules of the hindwing of equal length, the colouration is deep plum, with the 

 produced outer margin of the hindwing abruptly terminating in a blunt tooth at the third 

 median nervule. 



Genus QO.-ZEMEHOS, Boisduval. (Plate XXIV). 



Zemeros, Boisduval. Sp. Gdn.. vol. i, pi. xxi, fig. 5 (1836) ; id., We^twood, Gen. Diurn. Lep., vol. ii, p. 418 

 (.851) ; id.. Distant. Rhop. Malay., p. 1S7 (18S3) ; Hamanumida (part), Hubner, Verz. bek. Schmett.. 

 p. i8 (1816). 



" Body, small, slender : wings, large, irregular along the [outer] margins ; disc marked 

 with a number of small white dots. Head, small, very finely hairy, front with a small truncated 

 tuft ; eyes, small, naked ; palpi, very minute, almost horizontal, not visible from above, 

 the tip not reaching more than the level of one-fourth of the height of the eyes, rather thick- 

 ly clothed beneath with hairs, the terminal joint not being visible, except on denuding the 

 palpus ; anteimce, short, and very slender, not more than half the length of the forewing, 

 terminated by a short but distinct club, rather slender, obtuse at the tip, annulations very 

 short, and finely ringed with white at the tip. Thorax, rather large, oval ; tippets truncate 

 in front, finely hairy. Abdomen, small, slender, scarcely more than half the length of the 

 hindwinc'-. FOREW[^fG, large, broadly triangular ; costal margin slightly arched ; apex 

 sli'^htly Icute in the male, more obtuse in the female ; ouler margin irregularly scalloped, 

 beFng more convex in the female than in the male ; inner margin not so long as the outer. 

 Costll nervure reaching to the middle of the costa ; subcostal nervure with four simple free 

 branches, the first and second arising near together, a little before the anterior extremity of the 

 discoidal cell, third and fourth branches arising beyond the cell, at about the same distance 

 apart as occurs between the extremity of the cell and the third branch, the space between the 

 fourth branch and the apex of the wing being still longer ; upper disco-cellular nervule 

 obsolete, middle and lo-oer disco-cellulars of about equal length, slender, forming a transverse 

 arch the lower united to the third median nervule quite close to \]\.Mi beyond] its origin ; 

 upper discoidal nervule arrising simultaneously with the middle disco-cellular a little beyond 

 the middle of the wing, the space between the first and second median nervules considerably 

 elongated, Hindwing, irregularly oval ; the outer matgin irregularly scalloped, and some- 

 what truncate from the anal angle to the extremity of the third median nervule ; costal ne,-jnre 

 not extending beyond the middle of the costa ; subcostal nervure arising near the body, but 



