21 8 Plants and their Ways in South Africa 



D. Fruit indehiscent ; leaves alternate 



exstipulate. 



Fruit a drupe or berry, shrubs or herbs 



Fruit an achene, calyx persistent, 



shrubs or herbs .... 



DD. Fruit a many-seeded capsule ; leaves 



alternate or opposite, exstipulate. 



Herbs 



BB. Stamens obdiplostemonous, the outer 

 whorl opposite to petals (or sometimes 

 v^anting), hypogynous or slightly epi- 

 petalous. (Cohort Ericales.) 

 Shrubs or trees with needle shaped usu- 

 ally grooved leaves. Stamens usually 

 dehiscing by terminal pores . 

 AA. Flowers tetracyclic, usually of four whorls 

 and anisocarpic, i.e. carpels fewer than 

 parts of the other cycles ; stamens alter- 

 nating with and equal to the petals or 

 rarely fewer when zygomorphic, epipetal- 

 ous or hypogynous. Carpels usually two, 

 in Convolvulacece^ rarely three to five. 

 B. Perianth hypogynous. 



C. Flowers mostly actinomorphic (regu- 

 lar), inflorescence mostly cymose. 

 (Cohort Contortae.) 

 D. Leaves entire mostly opposite, car- 

 pels apocarpous or syncarpous. 

 E. Stamens equalling the petals ; in- 

 ternal phloem frequent. 

 F. Latex present ; leaves exstipu- 

 late, rarely stipulate ; stamens 

 applied to the stigma. 

 Pollen powdery ; styles united ; 

 fruit a capsule, drupe or berry 

 Pollen sticky in masses (pol- 

 linia) ; fruit a follicle 

 FF. Latex absent, leaves opposite. 

 G. Placentation axile ; leaves 

 stipulate. 

 Dioecious ; shrubs ; leaves with 



axillary spines . 

 Perfect ; herbs shrubs or trees 

 GG. Placentation parietal (rarely 

 axile) ; leaves exstipulate. 

 Herbs or half shrubs, fruit 

 many seeded 



MYRSINACEiE. 

 PLUMBAGINACEiE. 



Primulace^. 



Ericace.5. 



Apocynace^. 

 asclepiadace^. 



SALVADORACEiE. 

 LoGANIACEiB. 



GENTIANACEiE. 



