220 Plants and their Ways in South Africa 



FFF. Capsule i-celled ; placentation 

 " free central ". 

 Insectivorous plants ; stamens 

 two, anthers i-celled 

 EE. Seeds few, at least South African 

 species. 

 Capsule often explosive, bracts usu- 

 ally conspicuous .... 

 BB. Perianth epigynous (half inferior in Cani- 

 panulacece and Goodeniacecs). 

 C. Leaves opposite; stamens free; flowers 

 cymose. (Cohort Rubiales.) 

 D. Leaves stipulate. 



Stamens as many as petals ; seeds 

 many or solitary .... 

 DD. Leaves exstipulate, stamens as many 

 as petals or fewer ; seeds pendulous. 

 Carpels three, ovary 1-3-celled ; calyx 

 a pappus ; inflorescence, panicled . 

 Carpels two, ovary i-celled, inflores- 

 cence capitate ..... 

 CC. Leaves usually (except some Composites) 

 alternate exstipulate ; stamens ap- 

 proaching or partly united, flowers 

 racemose. (Cohort Campanulatae.) 

 D. Seeds many ; placentation axile. 

 Flowers imperfect, regular . 

 Flowers perfect, regular or zygo- 

 morphic ; latex usually present 

 DD. Seeds few (i in Compositis) erect. 



Anthers free or cohering ; calyx her- 

 baceous ; latex absent 

 Anthers united ; calyx a pappus ; with 

 latex or resin ..... 



LENTIBULARIACEiE. 



AcANTHACEjE. 



RUBIACE^. 



Valerianace^. 



DlPSACE^. 



cucurbitace^. 

 Campanulace^. 



goodeniace^. 

 Composite. 



The plants ranked below those that bear seed are divided 

 into three groups, making in all five divisions of the Vegetable 

 Kingdom : — 



I. Thallophyta. 

 II. Bryophyta. 



III. Pteridophyta. 



IV. Gymnospermae. 

 V. Angiospermae. 



While the lower forms are of great interest and importance, 

 they are in so many cases known only by the aid of the micro- 



