Classification of Plants 323 



Order RuTACE.ii. 



Flowers perfect, or unisexual, regular. Sepals 4 or 5. Petals 

 4 or 5, twisted or imbricate. Stamens as many, or twice as 

 many, as the petals, mostly obdiplostemonous. Those op- 

 posite the petals may be without anthers. Honey is made in 

 a ring or cup-shaped disk around the ovary. Handsome shrubs 

 or trees known by their gland-dotted leaves, often heath-like. 

 The dots are cavities containing a strongly scented oil. Leaves 

 opposite or alternate, without stipules. 



Some of the more familiar genera : — 



A. Fruit a 5-1-celled capsule. 

 Leaves simple. 



Staminodia absent. 



Petals neither clawed nor bearded . . . Diosma. 

 Staminodia 5. 

 Ovary raised on a stalk. 



A handsome tree Calodendron, 



Ovary not raised. 

 Style short. 

 Petals not clawed, or but slightly clawed . . Adenandra. 

 Petals clawed, the claw bearded . . . Acmadenia. 

 Styles as long as the petals. 



Petals sessile ; flowers axillary . . . Barosma. 



Petals clawed ; flowers terminal . . . Agathosma. 



Leaves trifoliate Toddalia. 



Leaves paripinnate ; flowers imperfect . . . Zanthoxylon. 



Leaves imparipinnate Clausena. 



AA. Fruit a many-celled berry. 



Trees, often with axillary thorns .... Citrus. 

 The Orange and Lemon belong to the Citrus genus, which is not 

 native to South Africa. 



Diosma. — Petals and capsule longer than the calyx. 

 Anthers tipped by a gland. Ovary sunk in the disk. 



Small shrubs with alternate or opposite heath-like leaves. 

 Flowers white or reddish. 



Calodendron (Wilde Kastanien) is found in forests of the 

 Eastern districts and Natal. Petals much longer than the 

 calyx. Staminodia petaloid. Leaves opposite and decussate, 

 evergreen. Flowers white or purplish, in showy panicles ter- 

 minating the branches. C. cape?ise, Thunb., is a handsome tree 

 in Eastern forests. 



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