368 Plants and their Ways in South Africa 



flattened at the tip. Flowers all tubular. Stigmatic papillce. 



in marginal rows. 



Ageratum. — 'Heads many-flowers, roundish, clustered 



in corymbs. Pappus 5-10-toothed scales. Herbs with ovate 



or heart-shaped leaves on long petioles. Flowers mauve. Often 



cultivated ; found in Natal. 



Tribe HI. Astere^e. — Style branches long, flattened, 



often crossing instead of curling backwards. Heads usually with 



ray flowers. Stigmatic papillce marginal, tips unreceptive. 



Aster. — Heads many-flowered. Ray flowers, and usually 



disc flowers bearing fruit. Involucre of overlapping scales. 



Achenes flattened. Pappus of many saw-toothed bristles of 



equal length. Flowers with white, pink, or purple rays and 



yellow or purple discs. Herbs or shrubs with often small, 



rarely petioled leaves. A large genus. 



Diplopappus. — Flowers as in Aster, except the pappus of 



two rows, the outer of short, the inner of long bristles. Much 



branched shrubs or rigid simple herbs. 



Tribe IV. Senecionide^. — Style branches linear, flattened 

 at the top, bristly at the apex, 

 or tipped with a bristly cone. 

 Flowers all tubular or with ray 

 and disc flowers. 



A. Anthers without tails ; 

 pappus of large scales — 



Sphenogyne. — Heads radi- 

 ate, but the disc flowers bear 

 the fruit. The receptacle bear- 

 ing papery scales (paleae) among 

 the flowers. Involucre of over- 

 lapping scales, the inner larger 

 with papery tips. Achenes 

 surrounded at base with long 

 silky hairs. Pappus of five broad 

 scales, spirally rolled before the 



flower opens ; much enlarged in fruit and milk-white. 



Herbs or shrubs with simple or compound leaves, strongly scented. 

 Flowers yellow, often copper-colour beneath. 



Fig. 349. — Sphenogyne anthem- 

 aides, R. Br. Achene with 

 scaly pappus. (From Edmonds 

 and Marloth's " Elementary 

 Botany for South Africa ".) 



