ELH AGNACES. a) 
the constriction. Stamens 4, on the mouth of the perianth. Style 
linear, included. Fruit enclosed in the persistent accrescent 
usually berry-like perianth-base, pericarp thin. Seed with a hard 
shining testa.—Species 12, in 8. Europe, Temp. and Trop. Asia, 
Australia and N. America, 
E. latifolia, Linn. Sp. Pl. 121; Brandis For. Fl. 390, t. 46; 
Ind. Trees 547 ; F. B. I. v, 202; Watt BE. D.; Kanjilal For. Fl. 
(ed. 2), 334; Gamble Man. 581 ; Prain Beng. Pl. 908 ; Cooke Fl. 
Bomb. ii, 543 ; E. conferta, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i, 440 ; Royle Ill. 323. 
E. arborea, Roxb. l. c. 441 ; Don. Prod. 67.—Vern. Ghiwai. 
A much-branched evergreen usually scandent shrub; branches often 
spinescent ; young shoots densely clothed with shining rust-coloured 
scales. Leaves variable, thin or more or less coriaceous, 3-5 in. long, 
broadly elliptic to lanceolate, obtuse, acute or acuminate; upper 
surface pale-green, scurfy, the lower coated with silvery white or rust- 
coloured glistening scales ; lateral nerves 6-8 pairs; base acute or 
rounded ; petioles scaly, }-} in. long. Flowers usually many in a 
cluster, straw-coloured, scented ; pedicels elongating in fruit. Peri- 
anth 4 in. long, clothed with silvery scales, as are the pedicels ; lobes 
} in. long, ovate, acute, spreading. Style hairy. Fruit crowned by 
the upper free portion of the perianth, about 1 in. long, ellipsoid or 
pear-shaped with 8 strong blunt ribs, pinkish when ripe and rough 
with small white spots ; endocarp white, woolly within. Seed j in. 
long. 
Dehra Dun, usually in swampy ground (Kanjilal) ; also in the Sub- 
Himalayan tracts eastwards. Flowers Noy.-Feb., and the fruit 
ripens during May and June. Distrip.: Subtrop. Himalaya from 
the Sutlej to the Mishmi Hills, ascending to about 8,000ft., and from 
Bengal and the Konkan southwards to Ceylon; extending to 
Burma, the Malay Peninsula and China. The sub-acid astringent 
fruit is much eaten by the village people and is sometimes used as a 
preserve. The wood affords a good fuel. 
XCVII._LORANTHACEZ. 
Evergreen parasitic shrubs. Leaves opposite, usually entire, 
Coriaceous, exstipulate, sometimes absent. Flowers 2-or 1-sexual, 
in racemes spikes heads or fascicles; bracts usually scale-like, 
bracteoles usually 2. Perianth simple ordouble. Sepals, or simple 
