a 
SANTALACE. 67 
Stamens 3 or 4, inserted at the base of the perianth-lobes ; anther- 
cells distinct. Disk angular. Ovary inferior, sunk in the perianth- 
tube, style short, stigmas 3-4-fid.; ovules 2-4, pendulous 
from a short stout central placenta. Fruit a globose or ovoid 
drupe. Seed globose, solitary.—Species 5 or 6, in 8. Europe, Africa 
and India. . 
O. arborea, Wall. Cat. 4035; Royle Ill. 322; Brandis For. 
Fl. 399 ; Ind. Trees 554; F. B. I. v, 232; Watt BE. D. ; Kanjilal 
For. Fl. (ed. 2), 340 ; Gamble Man. 588 ; Collett Fl. Siml. 442, i, 
144 ; Cooke Fl. Bomb. ii, 555. 
A large usually glabrous shrub; young branches sharply triangular, 
puberulous at the tips. Leaves subsessile, coriaceous, glaucous, 
becoming black when dry, 1-2 in. long, elliptic or oblong-lanceolate 
or obovate-oblong and mucronate, base cuneate. Flowers minute, 
polygamous (male and 2-sexual), yellowish-green. Male-flowers 
shortly stalked, arranged in long-peduncled 5-10 flowered umbels or 
panicles. Bisexual flowers solitary in the axils, the peduncles elonga- 
ting and drooping in fruit. Perianth 3-lobed. Stamens 3, opposite 
the perianth-lobes and alternate with the lobes of the fleshy disk. 
Drupe subglobose, }-} in. in diam., yellow or red When ripe. 
Dehra Dun and Siwalik range, and in the Sub-Himalayan tracts east- 
wards, Flowers Dec.-April. Distris.: Outer Himalayan ranges 
from the Sutlej to Bhutan, up to 7,000 ft. (but not in Sikkim); ex- 
tending to Central and S. India, Ceylon and Upper Burma. 
SAantTaLum ALsum, Linn. ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. i, 442; F. B. I. v, 231, Watt 
Comm. Prod. Ind. 976: Brandis Ind. Trees 553 ; Gamble Man. 585 ; 
Prain Beng. Pl. 914; Cooke Fl. Bomb. ti, 555.—Vern. Chandan 
(Sandalwood Tree).—A small glabrous evergreen tree with drooping 
branches. The yellowish-brown strongly-scented heartwood con- 
stitutes the well-known sandalwood of commerce. The tree is indi- 
genous in the Western Peninsula southwards from Nasik and the N. 
Circars, cultivated elsewhere. 
XCIX.—EUPHORBIACEA, 
Herbs, shrubs or trees, often with milky juice. Leaves usually 
alternate, rarely divided or compound; stipules usually small, 
caducous or persistent, rarely connate in a bud-protecting sheath, 
sometimes replaced by glands or thorns. Flowers usually amall 
or minute, always 1-sexual; inflorescenec various, usually com. 
