84  EUPHORBIACE. [BIscHOFIA. 
Petals and disk none. Mats-flowers. Sepals 5, concave, obtuse, 
imbricate, concealing the anthers. Stamens 5, filaments short, 
anthers large, cells parallel. istillode short, broad. FEMALE- 
flowers. Sepals 5, ovate, caducous. Staminodes small or none. Ovary 
exserted, 3-4-celled; styles long, stout, entire, stigmatic on the 
inner face, ovules 2 in each cell. Fruit a globose fleshy berry 
with 3-4 cells, lined with a parchment-like 2-valved endocarp. 
Seeds turgidly oblong, testa crustaceous, albumen fleshy ; coty- 
ledons broad, flat; radicle straight, elongate.—A single species, 
confined to India and China and to the Malay and Pacific Islands. 
B. javanica, Blume Bijdr. 1168; Brandis For. Fl. 446; Ind. 
Trees 558; F. B. I. v, 845; Watt HE. D.; Kanjilal For. FI. 
(ed. 2) 351; Gamble Man. 607; Prain Beng. Pl. 926; Cooke Fl. 
Bomb. ii, 571. Andrachne trifoliata, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii, 728 ; Royle 
Ill. 327.—Vern. Kain, kein (Hind.), paniala (Dehra Dun), trum 
(Oudh). a 
“A large very handsome quick-growing deciduous tree ; trunk erect, 
30-40 ft. high and often of considerable girth; bark rough, dark- 
grey ; branches spreading, forming a large shady oval head. Leaves 
alternate ; common petiole 3-6 in. long, terete ; leaflets 3-6 in. long, 
elliptic, acuminate, crenate, glabrous ; main lateral nerves 6-8 pairs: 
stalks of the lateral leaflets 2-3 in., that of the terminal leaf up to 1} 
in. long, channelled ; stipules and stipels caducous. Flowers greenish- 
yellow, arranged in slender axillary and lateral peduncled racemes. 
Matz-flowers on very short slender pedicels. Sepals 3, in. long, An- 
thers : globular. Fem.-flowers on pedicels longer and stouter than 
those of the male and elongating in fruit. Sepals 3; in. long, not 
persistent. Styles nearly } in., linear. Fruit 3-4 in. in diam., red- 
dish-brown when ripe. Seeds 4 in. long, brown, shining. 
Moist shady ravines and in swampy places in Dehra Dun and east- 
wards along: the Sub-Himalayan tracts, common in the forests of 
Gonda and Gorakhpur. The new leaves appear in February and 
March, and they turn red before falling. It flowers during April 
and May. Disrrrs.: Outer ranges of Himalaya from Kumaon 
eastwards; also in Assam, Burma, Bengal, W. Ghats and south - 
wards to the Niligris, but not in Ceylon ; found also in the Malay and 
Pacific Islands. The reddish close-grained wood is much valued for 
its durability under water and is largely used in the making of bridges 
and in some parts of India for boat-building. 
