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86 _ EUPHORBIACEZ. ‘[ Briexia. 
Fl. Bomb. ii, 572. B. spinosa, Willd.; Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii, 735.— 
Vern. Kaj, kdja (Hind.), lamkana (Ajmir), gaya (Dehra Dun). 
A small or moderate-sized erect deciduous tree, more or less spinescent 
when young; bark grey. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic-oblong, ovate 
or obovate, acute, obtuse or rounded at the apex, the base usually 
rounded, bright-green and glabrous on the upper surface and turn- 
ing pinkish-purple before falling, often finely tomentose beneath ; 
main lateral nerves 15-25 pairs, straight, prominent, finely reticulate 
between; petioles }-4 in. long, stipules ovate-lanceolate, unequal 
at the base, deciduous. Flowers dicecious, greenish-yellow, sessile 
or shortly pedicelled, arranged in dense axillary clusters or in long 
axillary or terminal panicled spikes exceeding the leaves; bracts 
small, obtuse, villous. Calyx 3} in. in diam.; lobes fleshy, spreading, 
triangular-ovate, acute, glabrous and often tinged with red; tube 
pubescent. Petals of males obovate, pectinate; of the fem. sub- 
spathulate. Disk of male flower thick and pulpy ; of the fem. trun- 
cate, enclosing the ovary. Drupe fleshy, subglobose, 4 in. in diam., 
seated on the persistent hardly enlarged calyx, flesh-coloured or 
purplish-black when quite ripe. 
Siwalik range (T'. Thomson); forests of Dehra Dun and Saharanpur, 
often associated with sdl; plentiful in the Sub-Himalayan tracts 
of Rohilkhand, N. Oudh and Gorakhpur ; also in Bundelkhand and 
Rajputana. Flowers May-July, and the fruit ripens in the cold 
season. Disrrre. : Outer Himalayan ranges from Kashmir to Mishmi 
up to 3,500 ft., and southwards to S. India and Ceylon, extending 
to Burma and Malacca. The wood is much valued for various 
purposes, and it lasts well under water ; the bark is used for tanning, 
the sweetish fruit is eaten, and the leaves afford good fodder for 
cattle. Anearlier name for this plant under Bridelia is B. spinosa, 
Willd.~—-See Cocke Fl. Bomb. 1. c. 
g/! 2 B.montana, Willd. Sp. Pl. w, 978, var. communis, Prain 
Beng. Pl. 928. B. montana, Royle Ill. 327 (not of Willd.) ; 
, Brandis For. Fl. 450 ; Ind. Trees 560, F. B. I. v, 269; Watt E. Dl. 
Kanjilal For. Fl. (ed. 2) 346; Gamble Man. 596 ; Collett Fl. Sim. 
448.—Vern. Gondni (Saharanpur). 
A small or moderate-sized glabrous deciduous tree ; trunk short, with 
a low spreading crown ; bark dark-grey ; branchlets often warted. 
Leaves membranous, very variable, 4-7 in. long, obovate-oblong or 
broadly obovate, obtuse acute or abruptly mucronate, entire, often 
shining above, paler beneath, but not glaucous ; main lateral nerves. 
