 Cuersranruus.] EUPHORBIACED. 87 
8-15 pairs, slightly arched ; petioles 5-} in. long, stipules deciduous. 
Flowers momneecious, small, greenish-yellow, shortly pedicelled and 
arranged in dense axillary clusters ; bracts many, very short, ciliate. 
' Calyx }-} in. in diam. ; lobes triangular-ovate, not enlarging in fruit. 
Petals broadly ovate, entire. Fruit } in. long, ovoid-oblong or fusi- 
form. 
Dehra Dun and in the ravines of the Siwalik range ; forests of N. Oudh. 
Flowers in April and May. Drstris.: Along the base of the W. 
Himalaya from the Jhelum to Kumaon, ascending to 4,000 ft. ; also 
in Bengal the Khasia Hills and in Upper Burma. The foliage is lopped 
for cattle-fodder. 
3. B. stipularis Blume Bijdr. 597 ; Brandis For. Fl. 449 ; Ind. 
Trees 560 ; F. B. I. v. 270; Watt BE. D.; Camble Man. 596 ; Prain 
Beng. Pl. 928; Cooke Fl. Bomb. wi, 573. B. scandens, Willd. ; 
Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii, 736.—Vern. Madlatah, undergupa (Oudh). 
A large more or less scandent evergreen shrub with dark-grey or brown- 
ish bark. Stem 2-8 in. in diam. ; branches often with long deflexed 
spines, the young shoots pubescent or fulvous-tomentose. Leaves 
subcoriaceous, 2-6 in. long, elliptic-oblong or obovate, obtuse or 
subacute, rounded or cordate at the base, glabrous or puberulous 
above, fulvous-tomentose beneath, margins sometimes undulate or 
repand ; main lateral nerves 8-12 pairs, slightly arching, the trans- 
verse veins parallel and at right angles, petioles 3 in. long. Flowers 
moneecious, greenish-yellow, in small dense axillary clusters or long 
spikes which are often subtended by hairy obliquely ovate-lanceolate 
acute stipule-like bracts } in. long; male-flowers sessile; females 
pedicelled, pubescent or glabrate. Calyx } in. in diam., distinctly 
enlarging in fruit ; lobes connate below, lanceolate-acuminate. Petals 
; in. long, suborbicular, shortly cuneate at the base, crenulate to- 
wards the apex. Drupe nearly } in. long, oblong, obtuse, smooth, 
bluish-black and juicy when ripe. 
Sub-Himalayan tract, abundant in the sdl forests of Oudh and Gorakh- 
pur. Distrrr.: Throughout the hotter parts of India and in Ceylon, 
extending to Burma and to the Malay Peninsula and Islands. The 
earliest name of this plant under Bridelia is B. scandens, Willd.—See 
Cooke Fl. Bomb. l. c. 
4, CLEISTANTHUS. Hook. f; Fl. Brit. Ind. v, 274. 
Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, bifarious, entire. Flowers 
moncecious, small cr minute, in axillary clusters or spikes, all sessile 
