Fivecra.] EUPHORBIACE. 97 
pairs, prominent beneath, transverse veins distinct ; petioles stout, 
}-,\5 in.; stipules triangular, cuspidate. Flowers small, greenish-yellow, 
arranged in axillary clusters, the male and female usually in the 
same cluster. Maxe-flowers stalked. Sepals } in. long, ovate, sub- 
_ acute, keeled and pubescent on the back. Staminal-column +; in. ; 
anthers 3, connate below, connectives acute. Fxrm.-flowers sessile 
or nearly so, pubescent. Sepals asin male. Ovary 4-7-celled, tomen- 
tose ; style longer than the ovary, enlarged at the truncate 4-7-toothed 
apex. Capsule }-$ in. in diam., orbicular-depressed, 4-7-lobed. 
Seeds bright-red, often persistent on the tree. 
Common in the forests of Dehra Dun and Saharanpur (Kanjilal), and 
eastwards along the Sub-Himalayan tracts. Flowers from February 
_.to April. Dusrris.: Hot valleys of the Outer Himalaya from 
Kashmir eastward to Sikkim, ascending to 4,000 ft.; also Assam, 
Khasia Hills and Burma, and from Central India and the Deccan to 
the Nilgiris. The bark is used for tanning. 
‘¥ 6. FLUGGEA, Willd.; Fl. Brit. Ind. v, 328. 
Unarmed or spinescent shrubs. Leaves small; alternate, disti- 
chous, entire. Flowers minute, dicecious, axillary, pedicelled, 
apetalous ; males numerous, clustered ; females few, in lax fascicles, 
perianth simple, 5-cleft. Mawz-flowers: Sepals 5, subpetaloid, 
imbricate. Petalsnone. Stamens 5, rarely 4 or 3, alternating 
with as many disk-glands, filaments free, anthers erect; cells 
parallel, bursting longitudinally. Pistillode 2-3-fid. Fmmauz-flowers : 
Sepals as in male. Petals none, Disk flat. annular, toothed. 
Ovary 1-3-celled; styles 3, recurved, usually 2-fid., ovules 2 
in each cell. Fruit globose, coriaceous, or with a fleshy epicarp, 
bursting irregularly or into distinct 2-valved cocci. Seeds trique- 
trous, with convex backs and acute faces, testa crustaceous, 
albumen scanty, embryo curved ; cotyledons flat, broad.—Species 
6, in the tropics of the Old World. 
Unarmed ; leaves 1-3 in. long . ‘ . I. F. microcarpa. 
Spinous ; leaves rarely exceeding lin. long . 2. F. Leucopyrus. 
1. F. microcarpa, Blume Bijdr. 580; F. B. 1. v, 328 ; Kanjilal 
For. Fl. (ed. 2), 849 ; Gamble Man. 602 ; Collett Fl. Siml. 451 ; Prain 
Beng. Pl. 931 ; Cooke Fl. Bomb. w, 581; Brandis Ind. Trees 569. 
Securinega obovata, Muell, Arg.; Brandis For. Fl. 455. Phyllanthus 
virosus, Willd.; Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii, 659; Royle Ill. 328 (Fluggea). 
