 Saprom. J EUPHORBIACEE. — 115 
females in the lower part of the spikes or racemes, or in 
separate spikes, solitary in the bracts. Marr flowers: 
Calyx membranous, shortly 2-3-lobed or toothed, or splitting 
to the base into 2 or 3 valvate segments. Stamens 2 or 
3, filaments free; anther-cells ovoid, distinct, contiguous, 
parallel. Pistillode none. Frm. flowers: Calyx 3-fid. or 3- 
partite. Ovary 2-3- celled, styles free or connate at the base, 
spreading and recurved, entire ; ovules solitary in each cell. Fruit 
a crustaceous capsule, fleshy or pulpy, rarely woody, at length 
loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds globose, with a strophiole, usually 
long-persistent on the columella, testa crustaceous, albumen fleshy, 
cotyledons broad and flat.—Species 25, all tropical. 
S. insigne, Trimen Syst. Cat. Ceyl. Pl. 83; F. B. I. v, 471; 
Watt EB. D.; Kanjiladl For. Fl. (ed. 2) 356 ; Collett Fl. Siml. 453 + 
Gamble Man. 625 ; Prain Beng. Pl. 954 ; Cooke Fl. Bomb. ii, 622 ; 
Brandis Ind. Trees 585. Falconeria insignis, Royle Ill. 354, t. 84a 
ort. 98. F. Wallichiana, Royle l.c.f. 3. Excecaria insignis, Muell, 
Arg.; Brandis For. Fl. 442.—Vern. Khinna, khirun,  khiria, 
khirni, lendwa. 
A’medium-sized glabrous deciduous tree or shrub, with a thick acrid 
milky juice; bark grey, rough and cork-like when old; branches 
thick and soft. Leaves bright-green, crowded towards the ends of the 
branches, 5-10 in. long, elliptic-or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 
crenate-serrate ; base acute, sometimes unequal; main lateral 
nerves 10-16 pairs, slender ; petioles 1-1} in. long, with 2 conspicuous 
glands at the apex. Flowers appearing before the leaves, yellowish 
green, in 1-sexual robust spikes 3-8 in. long. Male FLOWERS sessile, 
3-4 in. in diam., the central flower of each fascicle opening first. 
Sepals 2, open in bud, orbicular, concave, ,'; in. in diam. Stamens 
2, filaments very short, anthers scarlet, Fam. rLowERs shortly 
stalked. Sepals ovate-acuminate. Styles 3, short spreading, slightly 
connate at the base. Capsules } in. in diam., subglobose, at first 
fleshy, becoming dry and irregularly dehiscent when ripe, closely 
packed on the robust rhachis. 
Dehra Dun and Sub-Himalayan tract eastwards. Flowers Jan.—March. 
DistRiB.: Outer warm valleys of the Himalaya on dry rocky slopes 
from the Beas eastwards to Bhutan (not in Sikkim) up to 5,500 ft. ; 
also in Assam, Chittagong and Burma; extending to the Bombay 
Pres., 8. India and Ceylon. The soft white wood is used for making 
the cylinders of native drums. The acrid milky juice, said to be, 
