Morvs.] URTICACE. 137 
A deciduous tree or shrub. Leaves ovate, caudate-acuminate, coarsely 
and unequally serrate, 2-54 in. long, pubescent. or scabrous when 
old. Male spikes lax, on short slender peduncles. Fem. spikes 
short, ovoid.  gegals 4, the two inner flat or concave, the outer ones 
more less keeled ; styles long, hairy, connate high up. Fruit dark- 
purple when ripe. 
_ Wild on the outer Himalayan ranges up to 7,000 ft., and on the Sub- 
Himalayan tract eastwards to Sikkim and Upper Burma. It is 
largely cultivated as a shrub in Bengal and Burma for feeding silk- 
worms, as well as on the Nilgiri Hills. In N. India the new foliage 
and flowers appear in February and March and the fruit ripens in 
May. The wood is hard and close-grained. 
2.M. levigata, Wall. Cat 4649; Royle Ill. 337; Brandis For. 
Fl. 409 ; Ind. Trees 613 ; Gamble Man. 636 ; Prain Beng. Pl. 968 ; 
Cooke Fil. Bomb. ii, 658. M. cuspidata, Wall.-Vern. Tut. 
A large or medium-sized tree; young shoots stipules and bud-scales' 
clothed with long soft hairs. Leaves 3-7 in. long, ovate, cuspidate, 
finely serrate, often cordate at the base; petioles 1-14 in. Spikes 
drooping, male spikes very hairy, the female almost glabrous. Sepals 
of fem. thin, two inner flat, outer ones keeled. Styles nearly free, 
papillose from base. Fruit long, cylindric, yellowish-white, insipid. 
Tropical and subtrop. Himalaya from the Indus to Assam, wild and 
cultivated, ascending to 4,000 ft., also in Burma. A variety (1. 
viridis, B.-Ham.) with the leaves rounded at the apex is cultivated 
in Behar. 
3. M. alba, Linn.; Royle Ill. 336 ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. iti, 594; DC. 
LP Orig. Pl. Cult. 119 ; Brandis For. Fl. 407, t. 47 ; Ind. Trees 612 
FF. Bb. 40,402 > W ‘att E. D.; Comm. Prod. Ind. 784 ; Gamble Man. 
654 ; Kanjilal For. Fl. (ed. 2) 364 ; Collett Fl. Siml. 457 ; ; Cooke Fi. 
Bomb. vi, 658. M. tatarica,a—Vern. Tut, tutri, tuntri.-White. 
Mulberry. 
A small or medium-sized deciduous tree; young parts petioles and 
underside of leaves more or less pubescent. Leaves 2-3 in. long or 
more, ovate, acute, dentate or often lobed; upper surface usually 
glabrous ; base cordate; petioles 4-1 in. Flowers on short ovoid 
spikes, moncecious, the male and female often on distinct branches. 
Sepals of-fem. fls. 4, the two inner flat or concave, the outer ones 
keeled. Styles free. Fruiting spikes white or red, sweet. ’ 
