Ficus.] URTICACES. 155 
are much longer.—Examples of both of the above-mentioned forms 
are found within the Upper Gangetic area. 
11. F. hispida, Linn. /. Suppl. 442; Brandis For. Fl. 423 ; 
Ind. Trees 606 ; King Sp. Fic. 116, tt. 154 and 155; F. B. I. v, 
522 ; Watt BE. D.; Kanjilal For. Fl. (ed. 2), 374; Gamble Man. 
647 ; Collett Fl. Siml. 460; Prain Beng. Pl. 981; Cooke Fl. 
Bomb. ii, 653. F. oppositifolia, Willd. ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii, 561. 
F. demonum, Ken. ; Roxb. l.c. 562 (deemona).—Vern. Kagsha, 
gobla (Hind.), kdksa, Gogsba, gobha (Dehra Dun), kat gularia 
(Oudh). 
- A shrub or small tree ; all parts more or less hispid-pubescent ; bark 
grey, peeling off in irregular flakes; young shoots hollow. Leaves 
usually opposite, petioled, membranous, 4-12 in. long, ovate oblong 
or subovate, apiculate or shortly.and abruptly acuminate, toothed or 
entire, the lower surface hispid-pubescent, the upper hispid-scabrid ; 
base rounded subcordate or subcuneate, 3-5-nerved ; main lateral 
nerves 3-5 pairs, finely reticulate between ; petioles 4-14 in. or those 
of young shoots longer, densely hispid ; stipules 2 to each leaf, ovate- 
lanceolate, pubescent outside, about $ in. long. Receptacles 4-1 in. 
across, turbinate obovoid or subpyriform, hispid and often with 
scattered bracts along the sides, yellowish when ripe ; peduncles }-} 
in. long, in axillary pairs, or in fascicles from shortened tuberculate 
branches from the old wood, or on elongate leafy branches issuing 
from the stem or larger branches and often reaching and even pene- 
trating the soil; basal bracts 3. Matr FLOWERS many, near the 
apex of the receptacles containing galls. Sepals 3, concave, hyaline. 
Stamen 1, filament short. GaLL rLowerRs stalked. Perianth none. 
Ovary globose, smooth; style short, subterminal, stigma dilated. 
FERTILE FLOWERS : Perianth none or obscure. Achenes ovoid ; style 
lateral ; stigma cylindric, tubular. 
Fairly common in the forests of Dehra Dun and Saharanpur and east- 
wards to N. Oudh, also in Bundelkhand and in other parts of the 
area. The new foliage appears in Feb. and March. DrstTRIs. : 
Outer Himalayan ranges from the Chenab eastwards, ascending to 
3,500 ft.; also in Bengal and from C. W. and 8S. India to Ceylon; 
extending to Burma, the Andamans and from the Malay Peninsula 
and Islands, extending to China and Australia. This tree is 
reproduced partly by root-suckers. The foliage affords fodder for 
cattle, and the young receptacles are eaten in curries. The bark 
supplies a fibre suitable for making ropes. 
