Ficus.1 URTICACEE. 157 
A low tree with reddish-brown rough bark; branchlets scabrous, 
Leaves alternate, 6-12 in. long, elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, very 
unequal-sided, acuminate, entire or serrate, scabrid or smooth on. 
upper surface, more or less pubescent bereath ; base semisagittate, 
the larger basal lobe 3-4-nerved, the smaller l-nerved ; main lateral 
- nerves 9-14; petioles }-% in., scabrid; stipules /-1 in., linear- 
lanceolate, puberulous. Receptacles 4 in. in diam., globose or pyri- 
form, in pairs or clusters on scaly usually leafless branches, hispid, 
reddish-brown and ribbed when ripe ; peduncle short ; basal bracts 3. 
Male sepals 3. Gall and fem. sepals about 4, lanceolate, gamophyl- 
lous. Ovary of galls globose, smooth; style very short, lateral. 
Achenes broadly ovoid, emarginate on one side, tubercled, viscid ; 
style very long, lateral ; stigma large, bifid. 
Forests of Dehra Dun and Saharanpur, common on the Siwalik range- 
and extending eastwards along the Sub-Himalayan tract to N. Oudh. 
Usually found in ravines or on the banks of streams. The receptacles 
ripen mostly during Aug. and Sep. Disrris.: Outer Himalayan 
ranges from the Chenab eastwards to Bhutan, ascending to 4,000 ft. ; 
_also in Assam, the Khasia Hills, Chittagong, Bengal and C. India. The 
fruit is often eaten, but is rather insipid; the bark yields a strong 
fibre, and the leaves are said to be used for polishing wood. 
14. F. scandens, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 65; Fl. Ind. wi, 536 5 
Brandis For. Fl. 421 ; Ind. Trees 609 ; King Sp. Ficus 129, t. 162 > 
F. B. 1. v, 526 ; Wait BE. D. ; Kanjilal For. Fl. (ed. 2), 375 ; Gamble 
Man. 648; Prain Beng. Pl. 982; Cooke Fl. Bomb. wi, 654. F. 
fruticosa, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii, 533; F. hederacea, Roxb. l.c. 538,.— 
Vern. Chhanchri (Dehra Dun). 
A scandent or creeping shrub, often rooting from the stem and branches- 
Leaves 2-34 in. long, ovate or elliptic-ovate, acute or subacute, 
entire, rugulose and scabrid above, sub-areolar beneath ; base broad, 
rounded, strongly 3-nerved; main lateral nerves 3 pairs; petioles 
}-}in.; stipules }in., ovate, acuminate. Receptacles axillary, long- 
peduncled, solitary or in pairs, } in. in diam., globose, scaberulous, 
yellow turning to red when ripe ; base sometimes constricted into a 
stipe ; peduncle 3-5 in. long. Sepals of all flowers 4. Male flowers 
usually diandrous, anthers subsessile. Ovary of gall flowers obovoid, 
smooth ; style subterminal, short, thick, stigma hooked. Achenes 
oblong, smooth ; style lateral, long ; stigma subcapitate. 
Dehra Dun and Siwalik range and eastwards along the Sub-Himalayan 
tract, usually in damp places, often climbing and trailing on rocks or 
