166 SALICACES. —[Sanrx. 
fleshy or glandular. Matz flowers: Stamens 2, rarely 3 or more ; 
filaments filiform, free, rarely connate; anthers usually small. 
Frm. flowers: Ovary sessile or stipitate ; : placentas 2; ovules 
usually 4-8 ; style usually short, with 2 short retuse or 2-fid arms. 
Fruit, a 2-valved capsule. Seeds with penicillate funicle ; albumen 
none ; cotyledons plano-convex; radicle inferior.—Species about 
160, mostly in N. Temp. regions. | 
Stamens 4 or more ; flowers appearing after the leaves :— 
Leaves lanceolate, serrulate, capsule ovoid, 
on long pedicels 4 5 . . 1. S. tetrasperma. 
Leaves linear-lanceolate, entire ; capsule 
ovoid-lanceolate, on short pedicels . 2 8. acmophylla. 
1. 5. tetrasperma, Roxb. Cor. Pl. i, 66, t. 97; Fl. Ind. wii, 573 ; 
Royle Ill. 843 ; Brandis For. Fl. 462, t. 58 ; Ind. Trees 636; F. RB. 
I. v, 626 ; Watt E. D. ; Kanjilal For. Fl. (ed. 2), 387 ; Gamble Man. 
685 ; Collett Fl. Siml. 478 ; Prain Beng. Pl. 989 ; Cooke Fl. Bomb., 
at, 661.—Vern. Bed, bent, baishi (Hind.), laila, bains (N. W. Ind.), 
bilsa, bhiusa (Oudh), jalmdla (Dehra Dun), besa (Bundelkhand), 
bhynsh (Bijnor). 
A medium-sized tree or shrub. Bark rough with deep vertical furrows. 
Young parts silky, the branchlets and underside of leaves sometimes 
pubescent. Leaves 3-6 in. long, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 
glaucous beneath, usually regularly serrulate ; petioles 1-1 in. long. 
Male catkins 2-4 in. long. Flowers scented. Stamens 5-10. Fem. 
catkins 3-5 in. long. Capsules glabrous, long-stalked, style short, 
with two spreading, usually entire stigmas. Seeds 4-6. 
Abundant within the area, especially on the banks of streams and on 
moist swampy ground. It is common in Dehra Dun and on the 
Siwalik range, and along the Sub-Himalayan tracts of Rohilkhand 
and N. Oudh to the Gorakhpur district, and it occurs also in 
Bundelkhand and in the Ajmer district. The new foliage appears 
during Feb. and March, and it flowers from Feb. to April and some- 
times againin the autumn. Disrrie.: More or less throughout 
tropical and subtropical India from the Punjab eastwards to Manipur 
and Burma, ascending the Himalayan valleys up to 6,000 ft., and 
southwards to Travancore and to the Malay Peninsula and Java. It 
is not found in Ceylon nor in the more arid tracts of W. and Central 
India. The soft reddish porous wood is used for making gunpowder 
