SMILAX. j . LILIACE#. 261 
Sub-Himalayan tracts from Dehra Dun eastwards to Rohilkhand and 
N. Oudh and Gorakhpur ; also in Sal forests on the Siwalik range. 
Flowers in the rainy season. Distris.: Trop. Him. eastwards 
from Kumaon to Assam, Bengal and Burma, and south to Central 
Provinces and Konkan, extending to Java. The root of this plant 
is pounded and the flour is made into bread at Bulrampur in N. Oudh 
(Burkill). The stem yields a strong fibre suitable for making brushes, 
and the thinner stems are much used as tooth-sticks (Kanjilal). 
2S. Roxburghiana, Vall. Cat. 5115; F. B. I. vi, 311; Prain 
Beng. Pl. 1071. 
A large prickly climber with smooth terete branches, branchlets 4- 
angled. Leaves 5-8 in. long, oblong ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 
rounded cordate or cuneate at the base and with a bluntly acuminate. 
tip, 3-5-costate from above the base ; petiole rather slender, with 2: 
large coriaceous broad indistinctly reticulate auricles below the- 
middle ; the auricles of the old leaves 1-1} in., produced behind into. 
rounded lobes embracing the branch. Umbels many-flowered, 2-3 
on a common peduncle, which is bracteate at the base. Pedicels 
of female flowers } in. long, slender. Staminodes 3. Stigmas long, 
recurved. Berries $ in. in diam. Seeds 2, hemispheric, or solitary 
and globose. 
Sub-Himalayan tracts of Rohilkhand and N. Oudh (Duthie). Dzrsrrzz. : 
Trop. Himalaya from Garhwal eastwards ; also in Bengal on Paras- 
nath, in Chota Nagpur, Chittagong and on the Khasia Hills. 
8. S. prolifera, Roxb. Fl.- Ind. wii, 795 ; F. B. I. vi, 312; Watt 
E, D.; Prain Beng. Pl. 1071; Kanjilal For. Fl. (ed. 2), 407 ; 
Gamble Man. 724 ; Brandis Ind. Trees 641. S. laurifolia, Rozb. 
l.c. 793. 8. ovalifolia, A. DC. Mon. i, 199 (not of Roxb.).—Vern. 
Ramdatoun (Dehra Dun), Kumari (Behar), 
A stout climbing shrub with prickly stem. Leaves variable, 4-5 in. 
long, oblong ovate or orbicular, coriaceous, nerves 3-7 from above 
the rounded or subcordate base; petiole 1-2 in. long, its sheath 
auricled at the base and amplexicaul round the stem ; tendrils 2-4 in. 
fong. Umbels 10 or more, many-flowered ; peduncles }-1} in. long ; 
pedicels about 4 in. long. Sepals }4 in. long, oblong-lanceolate. 
Petals as Jong but narrower. Stamens as long as sepals. Staminodes 
of female flower 3. Ovary oblong; stigmas deciduous. Berry 
oblong or globose, red when ripe. 
Common on the Siwalik range in the Dehra Dun and Saharanpur divi- 
sions and abundant in the Sub-Himalayan tracts eastwards chiefly 
in sal forests. Flowers in September and October, and the fruit 
