720 RUBUS. [CLASS XII. ORDER III. 



crumpled. Fruit of large loose grains, of a deep violet blue, covered 

 with a caesous bloom, of a pleasant acid flavour. 



Habitat. — Thickets, hedges, banks, &c. 



Shrub ; flowering in June and July. 



Numerous varieties partaking of one or more of the characters of 

 the more marked diff'erences of those above mentioned will be found, 

 which seem to vary according to the soil and situation in which they 

 have grown. If the soil is wet and somewhat shady, the plant is less 

 armed with prickles, and becomes more bristly ; if it is in a dry one, 

 it has a more numerous supply of prickles, and is more downy, and 

 between these two conditions various states are found. The fruit is 

 more agreeable in its flavour and acidity than any other of our species. 



** Stem herbaceous^ or nearly so. 



12. R. saxa'tilis, Linn (Fig. 826.) Stone Bramble. Stem nearly 

 herbaceous, prostrate, unarmed, hairy ; leaves lernate, coarsely ser- 

 rated, or cut and , downy ; panicle of few flowers; fruit small, loosely 

 enveloped in the calyx. 



English Botany, t. 2233. — English Flora, vol. ii. p. 411. — Hooker, 

 British Flora, ed. 3. vol. i. p. 252. — Lindley, Synop.sis, p. 95. 



Root somewhat woody. Stems from three to six inches high, simple, 

 or slightly branched, putting out long spreading simple or branched 

 slender prostrate herbaceous shoots, round, or somewhat angular, 

 downy, and armed with a few slender prickles, or without them. 

 Leaves distant, with the common footstalk downy, slightly furrowed 

 above. Leaflets three, the lateral ones nearly sessile, ovate, or ovate 

 lanceolate, coarsely and doubly serrated, or unequally cut and serrated, 

 a pale cheerful green above, paler beneath, smooth, or more or less 

 downy. Flowers from three to five, in a terminal umbellate panicle. 

 Calyx angular at the base, its segments oblong, lanceolate, downy 

 within, smooth, or slightly hairy externally, spreading in flower, in- 

 flexed in fruit. Petals yellowish green, small, oblong. Fruit small, 

 bright crimson, of from one to three large smooth grains, of an agree- 

 able acid flavour. 



Habitat. — Dry stony places in mountainous situations, chiefly in the 

 North of England, Ireland, and Scotland. 



Perennial; flowering in June and July. 



This species, approaching in habit the Strawberry tribe, is readily 

 distinguished from all our other species. It is known by the name 

 of the Roebuckberry in some parts of the country, and the old Swedish 

 writers called it Labrusca, or Wild Vine, in allusion probably to the 

 habit and general appearance of the plant approaching that of the 

 Wild Vine. 



13. R. arc'ticus, Linn. (Fig. 827.) Arctic Bramble. Stem erect, 

 downy, simple, without prickles ; leaves few ; leaflets three, smooth, 

 obtusely seriated ; flowers one or two ; petals roundish, notched. 



