842 PEDICULARIS. CCLASS IV. ORDER II. 



the middle of the valves. — Name from XaM^caoq, concealed, or 



secret ; so called from the plant growing hid or secreted in shady 



close places amongst leaves and mould. 



1. L. squama'ria, Linn. (Fig- 973.) Greater Toothwort. Stem erect, 



simple; flowers pendulous, in one sided racemes; lower lip of the 



corolla three lobed. 



English Botany, t. 50. — English Flora, vol. iii. p. 128. — Hooker, 

 British Flora, ed. 4. vol. i, p. 237. — Lindley, Synopsis, p. 194. 



Apparently parasitical upon the roots of trees. The stem mostly 

 horizontal at the base, branched, curved upwards, and becoming erect, 

 smooth, simple, a sickly looking yellow, tinged with purple, the under- 

 ground stems and branches crowded with imbricated scales, roundish 

 ovate, entire, thick, and fleshy, of a yellowish colour, more oblong, of a 

 thinner texture, and remotely scattered upon the flowering stems. 

 Jnjlorescence an erect terminal one sided raceme, of numerous flowers, 

 sessile in the axis of the floral scales or bracteas, becoming elevated on 

 a short footstalk. Calyx bell-shaped, cut into four nearly equal oblong 

 segments, more or less downy, as well as the upper part of the stem. 

 Corolla with a pale cylindrical tube, about as long as the calyx, the 

 limb of a pale dull purple, the upper lip horizontal, deeply cloven into 

 two ovate acute lobes, the lower in three shallow obtuse ones, spread- 

 ing. Stamens curved beneath the upper lip of the corolla, ihe filaments 

 awl-shaped, smooth, the anthers yellow, ovate, of two cells, pointed at 

 the base, and more or less thickly clothed with pubescence. Germen 

 roundish, ovate, compressed, smooth, with a notched fleshy yellow 

 gland at the base in front. Style slender, smooth, as long as the 

 stamens, becoming elongated, and protruding beyond the corolla. 

 Stigma roundish, obtuse, velvety. Capsules large, ovate, thin, enveloped 

 in the persistent calyx, many seeded. 



Habitat. — Shady woods and groves, growing apparently parasitic on 

 the roots of hazles, elm, and other trees in various parts of England, 

 Scotland, and Ireland, but not common. 

 Perennial ; flowering in April and May. 



Toothwort is so called from the scales upon the stem resembling the 

 front teeth. It is an extremely curious and interesting plant. Its 

 mode of growth and remarkable structure have been admirably described 

 and illustrated in the Xinn. Trans, vol. 16, p. 2. 



GENUS XXIII. PEDICULA'RIS.— Linn. Louse-worL 



Nat. Ord. ScuoPHULARiA'cEiE. Ltnd. 



Gen. Char. Calyx tubular or inflated, five-cleft, or unequally lobed 



or jagged, and leafy. Coro//a with the upper lip laterally com- 



jpressed, and arched, the lower plane, three lobed. Capsule 



