* 
56 THE FRUIT. 
mass. Ex. currant, whortleberry. The orange and lemon an- 
swer this definition, and are therefore berries. 
a ; 
Wy” 
AE 
FIG. 18.— Forms of fruit; 13, naked achenia of Fragaria on the surface of the enlarged, 
fleshy receptacle ; 14, drupaceous achenia of a Rubus on a fleshy, deciduous receptacle; 15, 
samara of Acer; 16, pyxis of Hyoscyamus; 17, pome of Pyrus (pear); 18, berry of Ribes 
(gooseberry) ; 19, section of the same enlarged; 20, strobile of Pinus; 21, cremocarp of the 
Umbelliferze, as Conium. ‘ 
a. This definition cannot include the strawberry, which consists of an en- 
larged, fleshy receptacle, bearing numerous achenia upon its surface. Nor does 
it include the blackberry, which, like the other species of the Rubus, is an aggre- 
gate fruit composed of united drupes. These fruits are called Eteeria, by Mirbel. 
(Fig. 18; 13, 14.) 
15. Srrosite (cone). This is an aggregate fruit, consisting 
of scale-like carpels spread open, with naked seeds on their- 
inner side, at base. Such is the fruit of the fir tribe, which is 
on this account called Conifere. 
