150 | Il. MAGNOLIACER. LIRIODENDRON. 
Cal.—Sepals 3—6, deciduous, colored like the petals. | 
Cor.—Petals 6—12, hypogynous, in several rows, imbricate in estivation. 
Sta. indefinite, hypogynous, distinct, with short filaments, and adnate anthers. 
Ova. several, in many rows upon an elongated torus. 
Fr. follicular or baccate, 1—2-seeded. 2 irs 
Sds. attached to the inner suture of the carpels, from which (in Magnolia) they are suspended by a long, 
delicate funiculus. 
An order consisting of 11 generaand 65 species, including some of the most splendid and majestic forest 
trees. The southern and western states seem to be the region of the most of them. China, Japan, and 
the Indies contain a few. 
Properties.—The bark of the species mentioned below contains an intensely bitter principle, which is 
tonic and stimulating, and the corollas are aromatic beyond almost all other flowers. 
Genera. 
Carpels dehiscent by the dorsal suture, seeds pendulous. x E : : A : Magnolia. 1 
Carpels indehiscent, seeds enclosed, not pendulous. 5 3 : : : Liriodendron. 2 
1 MAGNOLIA. 
_ In honor of Pierre Magnol, a French botanist, author of ‘ Botanicum Montpeliense,’ &c. 
Sepals 5, often 0 or petaloid; petals 6—12, caducous; carpels 
2-valved, 1—2-seeded, imbricated into a cone; seeds baccate, sub- 
cordate, and suspended, when mature, by along funiculus.— A swperb 
genus, consisting mostly of large trees with luxuriant foliage, and large, 
fragrant flowers. 
1. M. Guauca. White Bay. 
Ins. oval, glaucous beneath; pet. obovate, tapering to the base.—This spe- 
cies is native in N. Eng., particularly at Gloucester, Mass., thence to La. and 
Mo. The tree is about 25f in height, remarkable only for the beauty of its 
foliage and flowers. The leaves are smooth, entire, of a regular, elliptical 
form, remarkably pale beneath. Flowers terminal, white, solitary, of 3 sepals 
and several concave petals, appearing in July. 
2. M. acuminata. Cucwmber Tree. 
Is. oval, acuminate, pubescent beneath; pet. obovate, obtusish_Grows 
near the Falls of Niagara, but is more abundant in the Southern States. It is 
a noble forest tree. Trunk perfectly straight, 4—5f diam., 60—80f high, 
bearing an ample and regular summit. Leaves very acuminate. Flowers 
5—6/ diam., bluish, sometimes yellowish-white, numerous, and finely con- 
trasted with the rich dark foliage. Cones of fruit about 3/ long, cylindric, 
bearing some resemblance to a small cucumber. May. 
3. M. Umsretia. Lam. (M. Tripetala. Linn.) Umbrella Tree. 
Lvs. deciduous, cuneate-lanceolate, silky when young; sep. 3, reflexed ; 
pet. 9, narrow-lanceolate, acute.—A small tree, 20—30f high; common in the 
Middle and Southern States, extending north to southern N. Y. Branches irre- 
gular. Leaves 16—20’ by 6—8’, often appearing whorled at the ends of the 
branches in the form of an wmbrella. Flowers terminal, white, 7—8’ diam. 
Fruit conical, 4—5’ long, of a fine rose-color when ripe. The wood is soft 
and porous, and of little use in the arts. May, June. 
4. M. GRANDIFLORA, 
Native of the Southern States, is the noblest species of the genus. Its 
great neight (80 f.), its shining, dark-green leaves, its fragrant, white flowers a 
foot in diameter, form a combination of rare magnificence.t 
2, LIRIODENDRON. 
G7. derprov, a lily ; devdpor, a tree. 
Sepals 3, caducous; petals 6; carpels imbricated in a cone, 1—2- 
seeded ; seeds attenuated at apex into a scale-—Tvees, with large and 
fragrant flowers. 
L. TuiPirERA. Tulip Tree. White Wood. Poplar. 
A fine tree, one of the most remarkable of the American forests. Can. to 
La., especially abundant in the Western States. It is ordinarily about 80f 
high, with a diam. of 2 or 3f, but along the Ohio and Missa rivers it 
ows much larger. Near Bloomington, Ia., I measured a tree of this species 
which had been recently felled. Its circumference, 4 feet from the ground, 
ne 
