210 XXXVI. TILIACEA. Tia 
minate,—2| Shady places, Penn. to Ohio! Stems angular, 3—5f high. Leaves 
on short petioles, cordate, lobes 2—4’ long, }—#/ wide, floral leaves much smal- 
ler. Peduncles axillary and terminal, long and slender, somewhat leafy, the 
divisions 1—4-flowered. Flowers 4—5” diam. Petals white, twice as long as 
the calyx. Aug. 
3. S. pioica. Cav. (Napza dioica and scabra. Linn.) 
Lvs. palmately 7—9-lobed, scabrous, lobes lanceolate, incisely dentate ; 
ped. many-flowered, bracteate, somewhat corymbose ; fls. 2 3’; carpels 8—10 
pointless, in a roundish, depressed head—2, Va., Penn. Mudlenberg. Flower 
small, white, in a crowded head. Aug. 
Orver XXXVIII. TILIACEA.—Limpenstooms. 
Trees or shrubs, (very rarely herbs,) with simple, stipulate, alternate, dentate leaves. 
Fis. axillary, usu perfect. 
Cal.—Sepals 4—5, deciduous, valvate in estivation. 
Cor.—Petals 4—5, hypogynous, glands 4—, at their base. 
Sta. 00, distinct, hypogynous. Anhers versatile. 
—Carpels 2—10, united. Style1,compound. Sttgynas as many as carpels. 
Fr. capsular, 2—65 celled, with numerous seeds. Cotyledons leafy. 
Gener 35, species 350, native in all regions, but especially within the tropics. These plants abound in 
a wholesome, mucilaginous juice. The inner bark is remarkable for toughness, and is useful for various 
purposes, as fishing-lines, nets, rice-bags, &c. 
TILIA. 
Calyx of 5 united sepals, colored ; corolla of 5 oblong, obtuse petals, 
crenate at apex; stamens 00, somewhat polyadelphous, each set in 
the N. American species with a petaloid scale (nectary, Linn., trans- 
formed stamen, 7: g& G.) attached at base; ovary superior, 5-celled, 
cells 2-ovuled ; capsules globose, by abortion 1-celled, 1—2-seeded.— 
Trees. Lvs. cordate. F'ls. cymose, with the peduncle adnate to the mid- 
vein of a large, leaf-like bract. 
1. T. Americana. Linden or Lime Tree. Bass-wood. Pwmpkin-wood. 
Lvs. alternate, diffuse, broad-cordate, abruptly acuminate, finely serrate, 
coriaceous, smooth; pet. truncate or obtuse at apex.—A common forest tree in 
the Northern and Middle States. It often grows to the height of 80f, the trunk 
straight and naked more than half this height, and 2—3f diam. Leaves 4—5' 
by 3—4’, those of the young shoots often twice these dimensions. Bract yel- 
lowish, linear-oblong. Petals yellowish-white, larger than. the scales at their 
base. Fruit woody, greenish, of the size of peas. Jn—The inner bark is very 
strong and is manufactured into ropes. The wood is white, soft and clear, 
much used in cabinet work and in the panneling of carriages. 
2. T. HETEROPHYLLA. Vent. Various-leaved Linden. 
Lvs. obliquely subcordate, very white and velvety beneath, with darker 
veins, glabrous, shining and dark green above, coarsely and mucronately ser- 
rate; pet. obtuse, crenulate; transformed stamens or scales spatulate ; sty. hairy 
at base, longer than the petals—Banks of the Ohio and Miss. Pursh. Not 
common. Tree 20—30f high. Leaves very oblique at base, 5—8’ diam., well 
distinguished by the white surface beneath, contrasted with the purplish veins. 
Torr. & Gray. 
3. T. auBa. Michx. White Lime or Linden. 
Lvs. obliquely-cordate, abruptly acuminate, whitish and thinly pubescent 
beneath, with veins of the same hue, glabrous above, acuminately serrate; pet. 
emarginate; scales spatulate; sty. nearly glabrous——Woods, Middle and West- 
ern States! Trunk 30—40f high, 1—12f diam., branches with a smooth, silvery 
bark. Leaves 3—5’ diam., slightly oblique, and with reddish hairs in the axils 
of the veins beneath. Flowers larger and whiter than in the other species. Jn. 
4. T. micropHyiia. (T. intermedia. Hayne.) European Lime-tree—Lts. 
cordate, scarcely oblique, acuminate, glabrous both sides; twice as long as the 
petioles; axils of the veins bearded beneath; staminate scale 0; fr. membrana- 
